ANATOMY Flashcards
Name the type, articulations, ligaments, and additional comments for COSTOVERTBRAL JOINTS OF HEAD OF RIBS
- TYPE: synovial plane joint
- ARTICULATIONS: head of each rib with superior demifacet or costal facet of corresponding vertebral body and inferior demifacet or costal facet or vertebral body superior to it
- LIGAMENTS: radiate and intra-articular ligaments of head of rib
- COMMENTS: Heads of 1st, 11th, 12th ribs articulate only with corresponding vertebral body
Name the type, articulations, ligaments, and additional comments for COSTOTRANSVERSE JOINTS
- TYPE: synovial plane of joint
- ARTICULATION: articulation of tubercle of rib with transverse process of corresponding vertebrae
- LIGAMENTS: lateral and superior costotransverse
- COMMENTS: 11th and 12th ribs do not articulate with transverse process of corresponding vertebrea
Name the type, articulations, ligaments for STERNOCOSTAL JOINTS
- TYPE: 1st= primary cartilaginous joint; 2-7= synovial plane joints
- ARTICULATIONS: 1st= articulation of 1st costal cartilages with manubrium of sternum; 2-7= articulation of costsal cartilages with sternum
- LIGAMENTS: anterior and posterior radiate sternocostal
Name the type, articulations, ligaments and additional comments for STERNOCLAVICULAR JOINTS
- TYPE: saddle type of synovial joint
- ARTICULATIONS: sternal end of clavicle with manubrium and 1st costal cartilage
- LIGAMENTS: anterior and posterior sternoclavicular ligaments; costoclavicular ligament
- COMMENTS: joint is divided into two compartments by articular disc
Name the type, articulation, ligaments, and additional comments for COSTOCHONDRAL JOINTS
- TYPE: primary cartilagenous joint
- ARTICULATIONS: articulation of lateral end of costal cartilage with sternal end of rib
- LIGAMENTS: cartilage and bone; bound together by periosteum
- COMMENTS: normally, no movement occurs
Name the type, articulations, and ligaments for INTERVERTEBRAL JOINTS
- TYPE: symphysis (secondary cartilginous joint)
- ARTICULATION: adjacent vertebral bodies bound together by intervertebral discs
- LIGAMENTS: anterior and posterior longitudinal
Name the type, articulations, ligaments, and additional comments for INTERCHONDRAL JOINTS
- TYPE: synovial plane joint
- ARTICULATION: between costal cartilages of 6-7, 7-8, and 8-9 ribs
- LIGAMENT: interchondral ligaments
- COMMENT: articulation between costal cartilages of 9-10 ribs is fibrous
Name the type, articulation, and additional comments for MANUBRIOSTERNAL JOINT
- TYPE: secondary cartilagenous joint (symphysis)
- ARTICULATION: articulation between manubrium and body of sternum
- COMMENT: often fuse and become synostosis in older people
Name the type, articulation, and comments of XIPHISTERNAL JOINT
- TYPE: primary cartilagenous joint (synchondrosis)
- ARTICULATION: between xiphoid process and body of sternum
- COMMENT: often fuse and become synostosis in older people
What is the superior/inferior attachment, innervation, and main action of EXTERNAL INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES
- SUPERIOR: inferior border of ribs
- INFERIOR: superior border of ribs below
- INNERVATION: intercostal nerve
- ACTION: elevate ribs during forced inspiration; interosseous part depresses ribs and interchondral part elevates ribs
What is the superior/inferior attachments, innervation, and main action of INTERNAL INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES
- SUPERIOR: inferior border of ribs
- INFERIOR: superior border of ribs below
- INNERVATION: intercostal nerve
- ACTION: during forced inspiration, interosseous part depresses ribs and interchondral part elevates ribs
What is the superior/inferior attachments, innervation, and main action of INNERMOST INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES
- SUPERIOR: inferior border of ribs
- INFERIOR: superior border of ribs below
- INNERVATION: intercostal nerve
- ACTION: interosseous part depresses ribs and interchondral part elevates ribs during forced inspiration
What is the superior/inferior attachments, innervation, and main action of TRANSVERSUS THORACIS?
- SUPERIOR: posterior surface of lower sternum
- INFERIOR: internal surface of costal cartilages 2-6
- INNERVATION: -
- ACTION: weakly depresses ribs
What is the superior/inferior attachments, innervation, and main action of SUBCOSTAL MUSCLES?
- SUPERIOR: internal surface of lower ribs near their angles
- INFERIOR: superior borders of 2nd or 3rd ribs below
- INNERVATION: -
- ACTION: weakly depresses ribs
What is the superior/inferior attachments, innervation, and main action of LEVATORES COSTARUM
- SUPERIOR: transverse processes of T7-T12
- INFERIOR: subjacent ribs between tubercle and angle
- INNERVATION: posterior rami of C8-T11 nerves
- ACTION: elevates ribs
What is the superior/inferior attachments, innervation, and action of SERRATUS POSTERIOR SUPERIOR?
- SUPERIOR: nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7-T3 vertebrae
- INFERIOR: superior borders of 2nd-4th ribs
- INNERVATION: 2nd-5th intercostal nerves
- ACTION: elevates ribs
What is the superior/inferior attachments, innervation, and action of SERRATUS POSTERIOR INFERIOR?
- SUPERIOR: spinous processes of T11-L2 vertebrae
- INFERIOR: inferior borders of 8th-12th ribs near their angles
- INNERVATION: 9th-11th intercostal nerves, subcostal (T12) nerve
- ACTION: depresses ribs
What is the origin, course, and distribution of the posterior intercostal arteries?
- ORIGIN: thoracic aorta
- COURSE: pass between internal and innermost intercostal muscles
- DISTRIBUTION: intercostal muscles and overlying skin, parietal pleura
What is the origin, course, and distribution of the anterior intercostal arteries?
- ORIGIN: internal thoracic arteries
- COURSE: pass between internal and innermost intercostal muscles
- DISTRIBUTION: intercostal muscles and overlying skin, parietal pleura
What is the origin, course, and distribution of the internal thoracic artery?
- ORIGIN: subclavian artery
- COURSE: passes inferiorly, lateral to sternum, between costal cartilages and internal intercostal muscles to divide into superior epigastric and musculophrenic arteries
- DISTRIBUTION: by way of anterior intercostal arteries to intercostal spaces 1-6 and musculophrenic arteries to intercostal spaces 7-9
What is the origin, course, and distribution of subcostal arteries?
- ORIGIN: thoracic aorta
- COURSE: courses along interior border of 12th rib
- DISTRIBUTION: muscles of anterolateral abdominal wall and overlying skin
Where is the location of the transpyloric plane?
Transverse plane midway between the superior borders of the pubic symphysis and the manubrium
What is the location of the subcostal plane?
Plane at the lowest level of the costal margin
What is the location of the supracrestal plane?
Plane passing through the summits of the iliac crests
What is the location of the transtubercular plane?
Plane at the level of the iliac tubercles
What is the location of the interspinoous plane?
Plane at the level of the ASIS
What are the contents of the RUQ?
right lobe of liver gallbladder stomach: pylorus duodenum: parts 1-3 pancreas: head right suprarenal gland right kidney right colic (hepatic) flexure ascending colon: superior part transverse colon: right half
What are the contents of the LUQ?
left lobe of liver spleen stomach jejnum and and proximal ileum pancreas: tail and body left kidney left suprarenal gland left colic (splenic) flexure transverse colon: left half descending colon: superior part
What are the contents of the RLQ?
cecum appendix most of ileum ascending colon: inferior part right ovary right uterine tube right ureter: abdominal part right spermatic cord: abdominal part uterus (if enlarged) urinary bladder (if very full)
What are the contents of the LLQ?
sigmoid colon descending colon: inferior part left ovary left uterine tube left ureter: abdominal part left spermatic cord: abdominal part uterus (if enlarged) urinary bladder (if very full)
