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COB EXAM 2:1 > ANATOMY > Flashcards

ANATOMY Flashcards

1
Q

Name the type, articulations, ligaments, and additional comments for COSTOVERTBRAL JOINTS OF HEAD OF RIBS

A
  • TYPE: synovial plane joint
  • ARTICULATIONS: head of each rib with superior demifacet or costal facet of corresponding vertebral body and inferior demifacet or costal facet or vertebral body superior to it
  • LIGAMENTS: radiate and intra-articular ligaments of head of rib
  • COMMENTS: Heads of 1st, 11th, 12th ribs articulate only with corresponding vertebral body
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2
Q

Name the type, articulations, ligaments, and additional comments for COSTOTRANSVERSE JOINTS

A
  • TYPE: synovial plane of joint
  • ARTICULATION: articulation of tubercle of rib with transverse process of corresponding vertebrae
  • LIGAMENTS: lateral and superior costotransverse
  • COMMENTS: 11th and 12th ribs do not articulate with transverse process of corresponding vertebrea
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3
Q

Name the type, articulations, ligaments for STERNOCOSTAL JOINTS

A
  • TYPE: 1st= primary cartilaginous joint; 2-7= synovial plane joints
  • ARTICULATIONS: 1st= articulation of 1st costal cartilages with manubrium of sternum; 2-7= articulation of costsal cartilages with sternum
  • LIGAMENTS: anterior and posterior radiate sternocostal
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4
Q

Name the type, articulations, ligaments and additional comments for STERNOCLAVICULAR JOINTS

A
  • TYPE: saddle type of synovial joint
  • ARTICULATIONS: sternal end of clavicle with manubrium and 1st costal cartilage
  • LIGAMENTS: anterior and posterior sternoclavicular ligaments; costoclavicular ligament
  • COMMENTS: joint is divided into two compartments by articular disc
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5
Q

Name the type, articulation, ligaments, and additional comments for COSTOCHONDRAL JOINTS

A
  • TYPE: primary cartilagenous joint
  • ARTICULATIONS: articulation of lateral end of costal cartilage with sternal end of rib
  • LIGAMENTS: cartilage and bone; bound together by periosteum
  • COMMENTS: normally, no movement occurs
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6
Q

Name the type, articulations, and ligaments for INTERVERTEBRAL JOINTS

A
  • TYPE: symphysis (secondary cartilginous joint)
  • ARTICULATION: adjacent vertebral bodies bound together by intervertebral discs
  • LIGAMENTS: anterior and posterior longitudinal
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7
Q

Name the type, articulations, ligaments, and additional comments for INTERCHONDRAL JOINTS

A
  • TYPE: synovial plane joint
  • ARTICULATION: between costal cartilages of 6-7, 7-8, and 8-9 ribs
  • LIGAMENT: interchondral ligaments
  • COMMENT: articulation between costal cartilages of 9-10 ribs is fibrous
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8
Q

Name the type, articulation, and additional comments for MANUBRIOSTERNAL JOINT

A
  • TYPE: secondary cartilagenous joint (symphysis)
  • ARTICULATION: articulation between manubrium and body of sternum
  • COMMENT: often fuse and become synostosis in older people
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9
Q

Name the type, articulation, and comments of XIPHISTERNAL JOINT

A
  • TYPE: primary cartilagenous joint (synchondrosis)
  • ARTICULATION: between xiphoid process and body of sternum
  • COMMENT: often fuse and become synostosis in older people
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10
Q

What is the superior/inferior attachment, innervation, and main action of EXTERNAL INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES

A
  • SUPERIOR: inferior border of ribs
  • INFERIOR: superior border of ribs below
  • INNERVATION: intercostal nerve
  • ACTION: elevate ribs during forced inspiration; interosseous part depresses ribs and interchondral part elevates ribs
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11
Q

What is the superior/inferior attachments, innervation, and main action of INTERNAL INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES

A
  • SUPERIOR: inferior border of ribs
  • INFERIOR: superior border of ribs below
  • INNERVATION: intercostal nerve
  • ACTION: during forced inspiration, interosseous part depresses ribs and interchondral part elevates ribs
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12
Q

What is the superior/inferior attachments, innervation, and main action of INNERMOST INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES

A
  • SUPERIOR: inferior border of ribs
  • INFERIOR: superior border of ribs below
  • INNERVATION: intercostal nerve
  • ACTION: interosseous part depresses ribs and interchondral part elevates ribs during forced inspiration
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13
Q

What is the superior/inferior attachments, innervation, and main action of TRANSVERSUS THORACIS?

A
  • SUPERIOR: posterior surface of lower sternum
  • INFERIOR: internal surface of costal cartilages 2-6
  • INNERVATION: -
  • ACTION: weakly depresses ribs
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14
Q

What is the superior/inferior attachments, innervation, and main action of SUBCOSTAL MUSCLES?

A
  • SUPERIOR: internal surface of lower ribs near their angles
  • INFERIOR: superior borders of 2nd or 3rd ribs below
  • INNERVATION: -
  • ACTION: weakly depresses ribs
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15
Q

What is the superior/inferior attachments, innervation, and main action of LEVATORES COSTARUM

A
  • SUPERIOR: transverse processes of T7-T12
  • INFERIOR: subjacent ribs between tubercle and angle
  • INNERVATION: posterior rami of C8-T11 nerves
  • ACTION: elevates ribs
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16
Q

What is the superior/inferior attachments, innervation, and action of SERRATUS POSTERIOR SUPERIOR?

A
  • SUPERIOR: nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7-T3 vertebrae
  • INFERIOR: superior borders of 2nd-4th ribs
  • INNERVATION: 2nd-5th intercostal nerves
  • ACTION: elevates ribs
17
Q

What is the superior/inferior attachments, innervation, and action of SERRATUS POSTERIOR INFERIOR?

A
  • SUPERIOR: spinous processes of T11-L2 vertebrae
  • INFERIOR: inferior borders of 8th-12th ribs near their angles
  • INNERVATION: 9th-11th intercostal nerves, subcostal (T12) nerve
  • ACTION: depresses ribs
18
Q

What is the origin, course, and distribution of the posterior intercostal arteries?

A
  • ORIGIN: thoracic aorta
  • COURSE: pass between internal and innermost intercostal muscles
  • DISTRIBUTION: intercostal muscles and overlying skin, parietal pleura
19
Q

What is the origin, course, and distribution of the anterior intercostal arteries?

A
  • ORIGIN: internal thoracic arteries
  • COURSE: pass between internal and innermost intercostal muscles
  • DISTRIBUTION: intercostal muscles and overlying skin, parietal pleura
20
Q

What is the origin, course, and distribution of the internal thoracic artery?

A
  • ORIGIN: subclavian artery
  • COURSE: passes inferiorly, lateral to sternum, between costal cartilages and internal intercostal muscles to divide into superior epigastric and musculophrenic arteries
  • DISTRIBUTION: by way of anterior intercostal arteries to intercostal spaces 1-6 and musculophrenic arteries to intercostal spaces 7-9
21
Q

What is the origin, course, and distribution of subcostal arteries?

A
  • ORIGIN: thoracic aorta
  • COURSE: courses along interior border of 12th rib
  • DISTRIBUTION: muscles of anterolateral abdominal wall and overlying skin
22
Q

Where is the location of the transpyloric plane?

A

Transverse plane midway between the superior borders of the pubic symphysis and the manubrium

23
Q

What is the location of the subcostal plane?

A

Plane at the lowest level of the costal margin

24
Q

What is the location of the supracrestal plane?

A

Plane passing through the summits of the iliac crests

25
Q

What is the location of the transtubercular plane?

A

Plane at the level of the iliac tubercles

26
Q

What is the location of the interspinoous plane?

A

Plane at the level of the ASIS

27
Q

What are the contents of the RUQ?

A 
right lobe of liver
gallbladder
stomach: pylorus
duodenum: parts 1-3
pancreas: head
right suprarenal gland
right kidney
right colic (hepatic) flexure
ascending colon: superior part
transverse colon: right half
28
Q

What are the contents of the LUQ?

A 
left lobe of liver
spleen
stomach
jejnum and and proximal ileum
pancreas: tail and body
left kidney
left suprarenal gland
left colic (splenic) flexure
transverse colon: left half
descending colon: superior part
29
Q

What are the contents of the RLQ?

A 
cecum
appendix
most of ileum
ascending colon: inferior part
right ovary
right uterine tube
right ureter: abdominal part
right spermatic cord: abdominal part
uterus (if enlarged)
urinary bladder (if very full)
30
Q

What are the contents of the LLQ?

A 
sigmoid colon
descending colon: inferior part
left ovary
left uterine tube
left ureter: abdominal part
left spermatic cord: abdominal part
uterus (if enlarged)
urinary bladder (if very full)

COB EXAM 2:1 (4 decks)

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