Anatomy

Question 1

Sympathetic system

Answer 1

T1 to L3

Question 2

2nd to 7th ribs
17 muscles
4 ligaments

Answer 2

Scapula

Question 3

Retroversion of glenoid

Answer 3

5 degrees

Question 4

Attachments to coracoid

Answer 4

Coracoacromial ligament
Coracoclavicular ligaments
Conjoined tendon (coroacobrachialis, short head biceps)

Question 5

Long term nerve compression at the spinoglenoid notch

Answer 5

Infraspinatus atrophy

Question 6

Fulcrum for lateral movement of arm

Answer 6

Clavicle

Question 7

Ossificiation clavicle

Answer 7

Ossify - 5 weeks aog

Fuse - 25 yo

Question 8

Static restraints glenohumeral joint

Answer 8

Articular anatomy
Glenoid labrum
Negative pressure
Capsule
Ligaments

Question 9

Gelnohumeral dynamic restraints

Answer 9

Rotator cuff

Biceps tendon

Question 10

Between the anterior border of the supraspinatus and the superior border of the subscapilaris

Answer 10

Rotator interval - helps limit flexion and external rotation of the shoulder

Question 11

Prevents anteroposterior displacement of shoulder

Answer 11

Acromioclavicular ligament

Question 12

Important for superoanterior restraint in rotator cuff deficiencies

Answer 12

Coracoacromial ligament

Question 13

Source of bleeding during the release of the coracoacromial ligament

Answer 13

Acromial branch of the thoracoacromial artery

Question 14

Formed from the ventral rami c5 to t1

Under the clavicle between the scalenius anterior and scalenius medius

Answer 14

Brachial plexus

Question 15

Shoulder supporting anatomic layers

Answer 15

I. Deltoid, pectoralis major, trapezius
II. Clavipectoral fascia, conjoined tendon, short head of biceps, coracobrachialis
III. Deep layer of subdeltoid bursa, rotator cuff
IV. Glenohumeral joint capsule, coracohumeral ligament

Question 16

Mucles upper limb to vertebral column

Answer 16

Trapezius
Latissimus dorsi
Rhomboid
Levator scapulae

Question 17

Muscles upper limb to thoracic wall

Answer 17

Pecs
Teres major
SITS

Question 18

Muscles acting on shoulder joint

Answer 18

Deltoid
Teres major
SITS

Question 19

Preclavicular branches of brachial plexus

Answer 19

Dorsal scapular nerve c5
Long thoracic nerve c5-c7
Suprascapular nerve c5-c6 (superior trunk)
Nerve to subclavius c6

Question 20

Medial scular winging (long thoracic nerve)

Horner’s syndrome (c8-t1)

Answer 20

Preganglionic brachial plexus

Question 21

Lateral winging of scapula

Answer 21

Spinal accessory nerve

Trapezius dysfunction

Question 22

Weakness of deltoid, rotator cuff, elbow flexors, wrist and hand extensors

Answer 22

Erb-duchenne

C5-c6

Question 23

Weakness of wrist flexors and intrinsic apparatus

Horner syndrome

Answer 23

Klumpke’s

Question 24

Axillary artery branches

Answer 24

I. Supreme thoracic
II. Thoracoacromial (deltoid, acromial, clavicular, pectoral); lateral thoracic
III. Subscapular; anterior humeral circumflex; posterior humeral circumflex

Question 25

Shoulder Anterior (henry's) approach interval
At risk?

Answer 25

Deltoid and pectoralis major
Axillary nerve - place arm in adduction and external rotation
Musculocutaneous nerve

Question 26

Shoulder lateral approach interval

At risk?

Answer 26

Deltoid splitting

Axillary nerve - >5cm below acromion

Question 27

Shoulder posterior approach interval

At risk?

Answer 27

Infraspinatus and teres minor

Quadrangular space structures -axillary nerve, post humeral circumflex artery

Question 28

Arise in the nuclei of CN 3, 7, 9, 10. S2, S3, S4

Answer 28

Parasymphathetic