anatomy 28.04-04.05 abdomen + head Flashcards
Which nerves are responsible for erection?
Pelvic splanchnics, from S2,3,4. Parasymphatetics
Which nerves are responsible for erection?
Pelvic splanchnics, from S2,3,4. Parasymphatetics
What is near the base of the prostate?
Bladder! Base is a superior part of the prostate
Blood supply for seminal vesicles?
MIDDLE RECTAL artery + middle vesical + inferior vesical
Umbilical folds?
Median = urachus Medial = obliterated umbilical veins Lateral = inferior epigastric vessels
Mnemonic for facial nerve face branches?
To Zoo By Motor Cycle Temporal Zygomatic Buccal Marginal mandibular (depression of m orbicularis oris) Cervical
Damage to the ureter during hysterectomy?
While clamping uterine arteries
Mnemonics for spinal cord termination and others?
Spinal cord ending - L1-2 Adult, L3 - neonate. 3 - new free neo
Filum terminale - L5. FFFF 5555
Dural sac termination - S2. SSSSSac S2
Mnemonic for skull foraminae?
Old Rotund Owls Spin
Lazily Across Jugs
Optic Rotundum Ovale Spinosum Lacerum Acoustic Jugular
Nerves passing through the superior orbital fissure?
Sup. ophth. VEIN
III - IV - V1 - VI
Branches of trigeminal nerve?
OMM
Ophthalmic V1
Maxillary V2
Mandibular V3
Exit of trigeminal nerve branches?
Standing Room Only
V1 - Superior orbital fissure
V2 - Rotundum
V3 - Ovale
Structures through the jugular foramen?
They all go to the neck Internal jugular vein + CN IX, X, XI glossopharyngeal vagus accesory
I IXXXI
What is the sensory nerve supply to the skin overlying the angle of the jaw?
Maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve
Mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve
C3-C4
Greater auricular nerve (C2-C3)
Buccal branch of the facial nerve
The trigeminal nerve is the major sensory nerve to the face except over the angle of the jaw. The angle of the jaw is innervated by the greater auricular nerve.
Which of the following cranial foramina pairings are incorrect?
Carotid canal and internal carotid artery.
Foramen ovale and mandibular nerve.
Optic canal and ophthalmic artery.
Optic canal and ophthalmic nerve.
Foramen rotundum and maxillary nerve.
The optic canal transmits the optic nerve. The ophthalmic nerve traverses the superior orbital fissure.
Which of the following is not closely related to the capitate bone?
Lunate bone
Scaphoid bone
Ulnar nerve
Hamate bone
Trapezoid bone
The ulnar nerve and artery lie adjacent to the pisiform bone. The capitate bone articulates with the lunate, scaphoid, hamate and trapezoid bones, which are therefore closely related to it.
A 22 year old man is undergoing an endotracheal intubation. Which of the following vertebral levels is consistent with the origin of the trachea?
C2
T1
C6
C4
C3
The trachea commences at C6. It terminates at the level of T5 (or T6 in tall subjects in deep inspiration).
A 30 year old man presents with back pain and the surgeon tests the ankle reflex. Which of the following nerve roots are tested in this manoeuvre?
S3 and S4
L4 and L5
1
L3 and L4
S1 and S2
S4 only
S1-S2
Lymph drainage of the tongue?
Anterior 2/3 -> ipsilateral
Posterior 1/3 -> bilateral
Tip -> submental -> deep cervical
Mid portion -> submandibular -> deep (lateral - ipsi, central - bilateral)
Nerve at risk during carotid endarterectomy?
Hypoglossal
but also greater auricular, superior laryngeal
Motor deficit after submandibular gland excision?
Hypoglossal nerve. Lingualis - sensory. Also commonly damaged nerve is the facial.
At which level does the inferior thyroid artery enter the thyroid gland?
C6!!! Not C4!
C6 - origin of the trachea, lower pole of thyroid lobules
Parasympathetic fibres innervating the parotid gland?
OTIC ganglion. Not pterygopalatine! (this is for lacrimal)
Glossopharyngeus (IX) -> tympanic nerve -> otic ganglion + postganglionic fibres from auriculotemporal nerve (V3)
IX + V3 + otic ganglion = saliva from parotid
Tongue innervation?
Vein drainage from the tonsil?
External palatine vein -> facial vein
Arterial blood supply to the lacrimal gland?
Ophthalmic artery
Venous drainage to ophthalmic veins -> cavernous sinus
Which vessel lies laterally to the inferior parathyroid gland?
Common carotid.
Bifurcation of carotids - C4. But inferior parathyroid is on the level of C6!
Which part of the face is not innervated by the V nerve?
Angle of the jaw - by facial
Branches of external carotid artery?
Some Angry Old Lady Figured Out PMS
Sup. thyroid Ascend pharyngeal Lingual Facial Occipital Posterior auricular Maxillary Superficial temporal
Branches of internal carotid artery?
Only Press Carotid Arteries Momentally
Ophthalmic Posterior communicationg Choroidal Anterior cerebral Middle cerebral
Ant.cer+Mid.cer.
OPC
Ophthalmic Post.comm. Choroidal
Where does Stenson’s duct open?
Opposite the second molar tooth
How does chorda tympnai run according to the membrana tympani?
Medial to the pars flaccida (not tensa!)
Level of the hyoid bone?
C3
Vessel in danger during excision of submandibular gland?
Facial artery.
Not lingual - it is at risk during dissection of Wharton’s duct
From which vessel is middle cerebral artery?
From ICA
Mnemonic for facial branches of the facial nerve VII?
To Zanzibar By Motor Car
Temporal Zygomatic Buccal Mandibular Cervical
Where does inferior petrosus sinus pass?
Jugular foramen
Structures at risk while parotidectomy?
N
N
V
A
Nerve - Greater auricular
Nerve - facial
Vein - retromandibular
Artery - external carotid
Structures at risk while parotidectomy?
N
N
V
A
Nerve - Greater auricular
Nerve - facial
Vein - retromandibular
Artery - external carotid
