Anatomy Flashcards
what is the function of the skeleton
support/maintain shape of body
protection
movement
make blood cells from bone marrow
mineral storage e.g. calcium
what are long bones
larger bones used for gross movement
what are short bones
smaller banes used for fine movements
what are flat bones
protect organs and allow muscle attachment
what are joints
a point of meeting between two bones
what are some articulating pairs
pelvis and femur
femur and tibia
humerus and scapula
what is flexion
the shortening of a joint
what is extension
the lengthening of a joint
what is adduction
movement of bone towards the centre line
what is abduction
movement of bone away from centre line
what is rotation
clockwise or anticlockwise movement of limb
what is circumduction
circular motion of a limb
what is plantarfexion
extension at an ankle
describe the movement at the elbow during a push up
flexion at elbow to bend the arms and extension at elbow to straighten arms
what is a ligament
connect bones together to restrict joint movement, this helps stability
what are tendons
attach muscle to bone
what is cartilage
prevents friction between bones and acts as a shock absorber
what is a synovial joint
a joint that allows wide range of movement
describe the structure of a synovial joint
bones are held together by ligaments
bones are covered by cartilage for protection
what does the synovial membrane do
releases synovial fluid into the joint capsule to lubricate it and ease movement
what is bursae
sacs of fluid which reduce friction between bone and tissue, reduces injury risk
