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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM > ANATOMY > Flashcards

ANATOMY Flashcards

1
Q

The respiratory system has two divisions

A

the upper respiratory tract and
the lower respiratory tract

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2
Q

The upper respiratory tract includes

A

nose
pharynx (throat)
larynx

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3
Q

The lower respiratory tract includes

A

trachea
bronchi
lungs

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4
Q

consists of the external nose and the nasal cavity

A

nose

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5
Q

the visible structure that forms a prominent feature of the face

A

external nose

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6
Q

the external openings of the nose

A

nares

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7
Q

the openings into the pharynx

A

choanae

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8
Q

extends from the nares to the choanae

A

nasal cavity

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9
Q

a partition dividing the nasal cavity into right and left parts

A

nasal septum

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10
Q

occurs when the septum bulges to one side

A

deviated nasal septum

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11
Q

forms the floor of the nasal cavity, separating the nasal cavity from the oral cavity.

A

hard palate

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12
Q

Three prominent bony ridges called _______) are present on the lateral walls on each side of the nasal cavity

A

conchae

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13
Q

are air-filled spaces within bone

A

paranasal sinuses

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14
Q

inflammation of the mucous membrane of a sinus, especially one or more of the paranasal sinuses

A

sinusitis

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15
Q

carry tears from the eyes, also open into the nasal cavity

A

nasolacrimal ducts

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16
Q

cells containing cilia and many mucus-producing goblet cells

A

pseudostratified columnar epithelial

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17
Q

dislodges foreign substances from the
nasal cavity

A

sneeze reflex

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18
Q

the common passageway for both the respiratory and the digestive systems

A

pharynx

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19
Q

3 regions of pharynx

A

nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx

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20
Q

the superior part of the pharynx

A

nasopharyx

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21
Q

an incomplete muscle and connective tissue partition separating the nasopharynx from the oropharynx

A

soft palate

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22
Q

the posterior extension of the soft palate

A

uvula

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23
Q

helps defend the body against infection

A

pharyngeal tonsil

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24
Q

extends from the uvula to the epiglottis, and the oral cavity opens into the oropharynx

A

oropharynx

25
Q

located in the lateral walls near the border of the oral cavity and the oropharynx.

A

palatine tonsils

26
Q

is located on the surface of the posterior part of the tongue.

A

lingual tonsils

27
Q

passes posterior to the larynx and extends from the tip of the epiglottis to the esophagus

A

laryngopharynx

28
Q

commonly called the voicebox, is located
in the anterior throat and extends from the base of the tongue to the
trachea

A

larynx

29
Q

The larynx consists of ____ cartilage structure

A

9

30
Q

The first single and largest cartilage is the

A

thyroid cartilage (adam’s apple)

31
Q

The three pairs of cartilages are

A

cuneiform cartilage, (top)
corniculate cartilage, (middle)
arytenoid cartilage (bottom)

31
Q

The superior set of ligaments forms the ________ ______, or false vocal
cords

A

vestibular fold

31
Q

The second single and most inferior cartilage of the larynx is the

A

cricoid CARTILAGE

31
Q

The third single cartilage is the`

A

epiglottis

32
Q

the inferior set of ligaments composes the _____ ____, or true vocal cords

A

vocal folds

33
Q

An inflammation of the mucous epithelium of the vocal folds is called

A

laryngitis

34
Q

allows air to flow into the
lungs (windpipe)

A

trachea

35
Q

Contraction of the this smooth muscle can narrow the diameter of the trachea, which aids in the

A

cough reflex

36
Q

the sudden application of pressure to the
abdomen can force air up the trachea to
dislodge the obstruction

A

heimlich maneuver

37
Q

the insertion of a tube into an opening,
a canal, or a hollow organ

A

intubation

38
Q

a procedure where tube is then inserted into the opening to facilitate the passage of air

A

cricothyrotomy

39
Q

refers to the actual cutting into the trachea

A

tracheotomy

40
Q

the principal organs of respiration

A

lungs

41
Q

The right lung has three lobes:

A

(1) the superior lobe,
(2) the middle lobe, and
(3) the inferior lobe

42
Q

Each lobe is divided into __________ _______ separated from one another by connective tissue septa, but these separations are not visible as surface fissures

A

bronchopulmonary segments

43
Q

consists of the main bronchi and
many branches

A

tracheobronchial tree

44
Q

primary bronchi

A

main bronchi

45
Q

r secondary bronchi

A

lobar bronchi

46
Q

tertiary bronchi)

A

mental bronchi

47
Q

are small
air-filled chambers where the air and the blood come into close
contact with each other

A

alveoli

48
Q

chambers connected to two or more alveoli

A

alveolar sacs

49
Q

The ___________ ________ of the lungs is where gas exchange between the air and blood takes place.

A

respiratory membrane

50
Q

each lung is surrounded by a separate

A

pleural cavity

51
Q

Each pleural cavity is lined with a serous membrane called the

A

pleura

52
Q

lines the walls of the thorax, diaphragm,
and mediastinum

A

parietal pleura

53
Q

covers the surface of the lungs

A

visceral pleura

54
Q

They drain lymph from the superficial lung tissue and the visceral pleura.

A

superficial lymphatic vessels

55
Q

They drain lymph from the bronchi and associated connective tissues

A

deep lymphatic vessels

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM (6 decks)

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