Anatomy Flashcards
Outer ear parts
-Pinna
-External Auditory Meatus
-Cartilaginous and bony canal
Middle ear parts
-Tympanic membrane
-Malleus/ incus/ stapes
-Aerated space behind TM (communicating with mastoid air ells and eustachian tube)
Inner ear parts
-Cochlear for neural hearing
-Labyrinth for balance (transducer)
The 3 layers of tympanic membrane (lateral to medial)
-Skin (squamous epithelium)
-Fibrous layer
-Middle ear mucosa (respiratory epithelium)
Middle ear boundaries
-Medial surface of TM
-Floor of hypotympanum (jug bulb)
-Roof of attic (middle fossa dura)
-Lateral wall of temporal bone
-Anteriorly Eustachian Tube
-Posteriorly Mastoid Antrum and Mastoid
Sinus and relations
-Transmural spread
-Thin bone
-“Collections”
-Venous drainage of mid-face drains to cavernous sinus
How does the nose anatomy allow humidification?
Large surface area
-Turbinates/conchae
=Turbulent flow (Mixes inspired air, promotes contact)
-Erectile tissue
=Regulates airflow
=Nasal cycling
Blood supply to the nose
-Internal (10%)
=Anterior + Posterior Ethmoids
-External (90%)
=Sphenopalatine Artery
=Greater Palatine Artery
=Superior Labial Artery
Features of olfaction
-Olfactory mucosa
-Olfactory cleft
-Superior turbinate
Internal nose anatomy
-Turbinates x3
=Inferior
=Middle
=Superior
-Meati
=Inferior (NLD)
=Middle (M,F,AE)
=Spheno-ethmoidal recess (PE,S)
The sinuses
-Maxillary
=Orbit
=Oral cavity
-Ethmoid
=Orbit
=Cribiform plate
-Frontal
=Orbit, Ant Fossa
-Sphenoid
=Pituitary, Optic nerve
The 8 bones of the neocranium
-Frontal Bone
-Parietal Bone (x2)
-Temporal Bone (x2)
-Occipital Bone
-Sphenoid Bone
-Ethmoid Bone
The 14 bones of the viscerocranium
-Lacrimal Bone (x2)
-Nasal Bone (x2)
-Maxilla (x2)
-Zygomatic Bone (x2)
-Palatine Bone (x2)
-Mandible
-Vomer
-Inferior Nasal Concha (x2)
Describe the hyoid bone
-Only bone in body that does not articulate with another bone
-The hyoid bone is suspended by the stylohyoid ligaments from the temporal bone
-Site for muscle attachment
-Suspends larynx in neck (controls position)
