formed by the left ventricle. formed by the left ventricle.

anatomy Flashcards by Omar Gazar

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم وبه نستعين

pericardium is >

Fibro-serous Sac

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

the base of fibrous pericardium is pierced at the rigth side by?

IVC

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Fibrous pericardium is relateed posteriolty by ?

T5-T8 separated from them by ?
Right and left main bronchi
Esophagus
Esophageal pleux of nerves
Descending Thoracic Aorta

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

pericardial sinuses?

Transverse and Obliuqe sinus of pericarum

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Transverse sinus?

Developed from the absoprtion of dorsal mesocardium of the Developing Heart

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Transvers sinus imp ?

Gives space for distension of Aorta and Pulmonary trunk

Increased COP

Distension of Right atrium during Atrial filling

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The oblique sinus open ? into the preicardial cavity

Inferiorly

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

? Blood supply of pericardium

Pericardiophrenic
Musclophernic
Descending thoracic Aorta
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Drains inTo AzyGous

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Nerve supply of the pericardium ?

The Fibrous and pariteal by the Phrenic Nerve

The Visceral By autonomic Nervous System

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pericardiocentesis Can be done through ?

The Bare area of the Left Lung cardiac notch

Left Side of xiphoid process

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Apex of the hear

formed by the left ventricle.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Base of The heart by?

Mainly,Left atrium and some by Right atrium

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Sternocostal surface

Right artium

Right Ventricle 2/3 and 1/3 Left Ventricle

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Diaphargmatic surface by?

Left ventricle apex and Lower surface of The Right Atrium
This surface is separated from the base of the heart by the posterior part of the coronary sulcus lodging the
coronary sinus.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The right pulmonary surface

is formed by

right atrialwall.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The left pulmonary surface

consists of the margin of

the left ventricle, small part
of left atrium and the left
auricle.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The right and left surfaces of

the heart are related

to the
corresponding pleura and
lung, phrenic nerve and
pericardiacophrenic vessels.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The inferior border is nearly horizontal and is formed by the ???ventricle.
The apex is formed by the “???ventricle.

right

left

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The superior border is straight and is formed by????????? Anterior to it are the ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk.

2 atria mainly the left.

The atrioventricular groove (coronary sulcus) which
separates the atria from the ventricles.
In this groove extend the:

Main trunks of coronary arteries.

* The Coronary sinus in its posterior part.

The anterior interventricular groove: It lies in the
sternocostal surface between the right and left
ventricles and contains:

Anterior interventricular (left anterior descending, LAD) branch of the left coronary artery.
Great cardiac vein.

Inferior (diaphragmatic or posterior) interventricular groove separating the two
ventricles on the diaphragmatic surface. It contains:

• Posterior interventricular branch of the right
coronary artery.
• Middle cardiac vein

4-Interatrial groove: is an ill-defined groove

between the 2 atria and is

hidden by the ascending

aorta and pulmonary trunk.

right auricle which overlaps the

right side of the ascending

aorta.

Rigth atrium presents a shallow vertical groove on its right lateral wall, the sulcus terminalis, which extends between the right side of the orifices of SVC and IVC. The upper part of the sulcusterminalis contains?

``` the sinoatrial (SA) node (pacemaker of the heart). ```

As the cavity of right ventricle approaches the pulmonary orifice it becomes funnel shaped, and is referred to as

``` the infundibulum (conus arteriosus). ```

Left Atrium forms most of the????and base of the heart.

V superior border

Left atrium forms the ?

Anterior wall of the Oblique Pericardial Sinus.

The left atrium consists of a main cavity and a left auricle Its auricle forms the

The superior part of the left border of the heart and overlaps the root of pulmonary trunk.

Interior of right atrium• Divided by a muscular ridge (crista terminalis) into:

a) Anterior rough part→musculi pectinati b) Posterior smooth part→receives openings of SVC,IVC & coronary sinus & other smaller veins as venae cordisminimi & anterior cardiac veins

Interatrial septum shows an oval depression→

fossa ovalis bounded above & | on the sides by a raised margin called annulus ovalis (limbus fossae ovalis)

Supreaventricular crest dividng the Right Ventricle into ?

Inflowing rough part | Outflowing smooth part

Inflowing rough part→ below the crest→ receives non oxygenated blood from right atrium. Has rough walls due to presence of:

a) Trabeculae carni b) Papillary muscles→ 3 anterior, posterior & septal c) Moderator band

Moderator band

crosses the ventricular cavity from the anterior papillary muscle to the septal wall. Functions: •It carries the Rt. Br. Of the A-V bundle. •It prevents over distention of the ventricle

Functions of Moderator band

* It carries the Rt. Br. Of the A-V bundle. | * It prevents over distention of the ventricle

Atrioventriuclar orifice

Guarded by the tricuspid valve having 3 cusps→ anterior , posterior & septal cusps • Free margin of each cusp is attached by chordae tendinae to the papillary muscles

Rt. atrio-ventricular (A-V) orifice: -It is a large orifice (admits the tips of 3 fingers). -It connects the right atrium with Rt. ventricle. -

- It is surrounded by a fibrous ring (annulus). | - This ring gives attachment to the 3 cusps of the Tricuspid valve .

• Is formed of 3 cusps; Anterior, Posterior & Septal. Structure:Each cusp is formed a fold of endocardium with a thin fibrous tissue in between. It has:

1-A base : attached to the fibrous ring of tricuspid orifice. 2-The free edge and ventricular surface areattached to the chordae tendineae.

Left artium Has a smooth wall, except

few musculi pectinati in the | left auricle

Interior of left ventricle

Its cavity is divided into rough inflowing part & smooth outflowing part below the aortic orifice

Rough inflowing part of Left ventricle

Rough inflowing part→ has trabeculae carni,2 papillary muscles→anterior & posterior, but no moderator band

Smooth outflowing part (aortic vestibule)

Made of fibrous not muscular tissue to remain patent during ventricular systole

Left atrioventricular (A-V) orifice: - It is smaller than the tricuspid orifice. It admits only the tips of 2 fingers. - It connects the Lt. atrium with Lt. ventricle.

- It is surrounded by a strong fibrous ring (annulus). | - This ring gives attachments to the 2 cusps of the mitral valve.

Note: \ The Anterior cusp of mitral valve

Separates the Mitral orifice from the Aortic orifice

Aortic triucuspid

Aortic at left 3rd space Tricuspid at left 4th space

Pulmonary mitral

Pulmonary left: 3rd steroncostal junction Mitral Left : 4th sternocostal junction