Anatomy Flashcards
Lumbar roots below L2 are called
Cauda equina
True or false. Spinal cord grows FASTER than spinal vertebra
False. Slower
True or false. A patient with stab wound in the neck may have respiratory distress
True. Pwd matamaan un phrenic nerve
Total lobes of the brain
6
Fracture in the shaft of the humerus result to what nerve damage
Radial nerve
Damage to this area results in paratonia
A. Precentral gyrus
B. prefrontal lobe
C. Para central lobule
D. Brodmann 6
E. Brodmann 8
B
Where does spinal cord usually end
L1 or 2
The back of the face is innervated by
Cervical plexus
Where can you find the Band of Ballerger
A. Plexiform
B. external granular
C. External pyramidal
D. Internal granular
E. internal pyramidal
F. Fusiform
D
Access point for lumbar puncture procedure
Lumbar cistern
Skin on the Angle of the mandible is innervated by
A. Lesser occipital
B. greater auricular
C. Transverse cutaneous
D. Supraclavicular
B
What part of the frontal lobe is associated with foresight
A. Precentral gyrus
B. prefrontal lobe
C. Para central lobule
D. Brodmann 6
E. Brodmann 8
B
Responsible for the dark color of grey matter
Presence of nucleus sent in cell bodies
In the brachial plexus, there are ____ roots, ___ trunks, ____ divisions, ___ cords
A. 5, 5, 3,4
B. 5, 4,2,6
C. 5, 3, 6, 3
D. 5, 6, 3, 3
C
Lesion to this area results in postive babinski reflex
A. Precentral gyrus
B. prefrontal lobe
C. Para central lobule
D. Brodmann 6
E. Brodmann 8
A
Where does ventralateral spinothalamic tract decussates
Anterior white commisure
What muscle does dorsal scapular innervate
Rhomboids
Largest efferent projection of the amygdala
Stria termimalis
Spinal cord extends to the sacral portion as
Filum terminale
True or false. Anterior / Flexor compartment of forearm are innervated by ulnar nerve
False. Median nerve. Except flexor carpi ulnaris and flexor digitorum profundus
Where can you find the Horizontal cells of Cajal
A. Plexiform
B. external granular
C. External pyramidal
D. Internal granular
E. internal pyramidal
F. Fusiform
A
What nerve is damaged in winged scapula
Long thoracic (c5,6,7)
Purely motor cranial nerve
Purely motor 3,4,6,7,11,12
Purely sensory 1,2,8
Mixed 10,9, 7, 5
Where can you find the venous sinuses
A. Dura mater
B. arachnoid
C. Pia mater
A
What part of the frontal lobe is associated with cortical control of bladder
A. Precentral gyrus
B. prefrontal lobe
C. Para central lobule
D. Brodmann 6
E. Brodmann 8
C
Since spinal cord tip is at L1-L2, caudal to L2, lumbosacral roots angulate downward to their corresponding foramina, as the
Cauda equina
Thenar muscle is supplied by
Median nerve
Where can you find the inverted cells of Martinotti
A. Plexiform
B. external granular
C. External pyramidal
D. Internal granular
E. internal pyramidal
F. Fusiform
F
Where does conus medullaris end
L1 or L2
Muscles supplied by axillary nerve
Deltoids, teres minor
How many spinal nerve do you have
30- 31 (8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral) Coccygeal may be absent
Median nerve is the terminal branch of the ff cords except
A. Posterior
B. lateral
C. Median
D. All of the above
A
Where does dorsal column tract decussates
Cervico medullary junction
True or false. Erb – Duchenne’s syndrome mainly affects the PROXIMAL muscles in the uppers limb
True
Ansa cervicalis is formed by except
A. Hypoglossal nerve
B. c1
C. C2
D. C3
E. c4
E
Hypoglossal and c1 unite to form descending branch
C2 and c3 unite to form descending cervical
Where does dural sac end
S2
Skin on the Upper part of the deltoid is innervated by
A. Lesser occipital
B. greater auricular
C. Transverse cutaneous
D. Supraclavicular
D
Nerve root of the nerve supplying serratus anterior
C5,6,7
What is between L2 and S2
Cauda equina
Point of reference in the cords of the brachial plexus
A. Axillary artery
B. brachial artery
C. Pectoral artery
D. Carotid artery
A
True or false. Filum terminale are composed of neurons
False. Composed of glial tissue
Damage to these nerves results to Inability of flexion of the fingers.
Median and ulnar nerve
Pathway of pain modality
Lateral spinothalamic
Pectoralis minor is innervated by
Medial pectoral nerve
Usual site of lumbar puncture
L4
Also known as the accessory phrenic nerve
Subclavius nerve
Dura mater encloses what connective tissue covering
A. Endoneurium
B. perineurium
C. Epineurium
D. All of the above
C.
Arachnoid- perineurium
Pia- endoneurium
Which nerve in the lumbar plexus emerges from the medial border of psoas
Obturator
What are the branches originating from the upper trunk of the brachial plexus
Nerve to sublcavius c5,6 Supra scapular nerve c5,c6
True or false. ThE more CAUDAL the nerve root is the FURTHER it has to travel to exit
True
Main flexor of the forearm
Brachialis
Subarachnoid block _____, epidural block _____
A. Faster onset, longer duration
B. faster onset, shorter duration
C. Slower onset, longer duration
D. Slower onset, shorter duration
A
True or false. Coracobrachialis supinates and flexes the arm
False. It adducts and flexes the arm. Biceps un supinates and flexes forearm
Left and right part of the spinal cord are connected by _____ anteriorly
White commisure
If grey commisure- posterior
True or false, there are branches coming from lower trunk of brachial plexus
False. Sa upper LNG meron
Nerve root of the thoracodorsal nerve
C6,7,8. It supplies lats dorsi
Diminished Patellar tendon reflex is an indication of what nerve damage
Femoral nerve
Responsible for the white color of white matter
Myelin sheath
True or false. Lateral cord of the brachial plexus is from the union of the anterior divisions of middle and lower trunk
False. Upper and middle trunk
Muscles in the anterior forearm that is NOT innervated by the median nerve
Flexor carpi ulnaris and flexor digitorum profundus. Both of them are innervated by the ULNAR nerve.
Two point discrimination uses what pathway
Dorsal column medial lemniscus
carrying heavy object on the should could lead to what nerve damage
Long thoracic
Standard cut in CT scan imaging
A. Transverse
B. sagittal
C. Coronal
D. Transaxial
Trans axial
Sciatic nerve will be hit in what part of glut max
A. Upper lateral
B. upper medial
C. Lower lateral
D. Lower medial
D.
What meninges lines dural sac
Arachnoid matter
The ff is supplied by the musculocutaneuos nerve except
A. Coracobrachialis
B. biceps brachii
C. Brachialis
D. Brachioradialis
E. none of the above
D
The coccygeal portion of the spinal cord becomes ________ at 8th week of embryonic life
Filum terminale
Only flexor muscle that is supplied by the radial nerve
Brachioradials
In lumbar puncture, what space do you want to penetrate to get CSF
Subarachnoid space
Lost of flexion of lateral fingers is an indication of what nerve damage
Median nerve
In spinocerebellar tract, in the pons where does dorsal tract enter
Inferior cerebellar peduncle Ventral- superior peduncle
Hypothenar muscle is supplied by
Ulnar nerve
Lost of supination is damage to what nerves
Musculocutaneuos and radial nerve
The ff muscles is supplied by the obturator nerve except
A. Adductor longus
B. petineus
C. Gracilis
D. Adductor brevis
B. femoral nerve un
True or false. Filum terminale have dural sac
False. Arachnoid and pia only
Surgical neck of the humerus fracture results in what nerve damage
Axillary nerve
True or false, dura mater of the spinal cord is CONTINUOUS with the dura mater of the brain
True
Inf gluteal injury involves what quadrant of glut Max
A. Upper lateral
B. upper medial
C. Lower lateral
D. Lower medial
C
Largest branch of the lumbar plexus
Femoral nerve L2,3,4
Results because of traction injury as in excessive abduction of arm
A. Upper brachial plexus injury
B. lower brachial plexus injury
C. Lumbar plexus injury
D. Sacral plexus injury
B
Space between periosteum and dura mater
Epidural space
What nerve innervates the posterior compartment of the thigh
Sciatic If anterior except tensor fascia latae- femoral If medial except pectineus- obturator
The ff emerges from the lateral border of psoas except
A. Iliohypogastric
B. genitofemoral
C. Femoral
D. Lateral cutaneous femoral
B. sa anterior xa.
What nerve supplies gluteus Maximus
Inf gluteal
What nerve is blocked to suppress labor pain
Pudendal
Which of the ff ANTERIOR muscle is NOT supplied by FEmoral nerve
A. Ilapsoas
B. Tensor Fascia Latae
C. Vastus intermedialis
D. Sartorius
B. it is supplied by inf. gluteal nerve
What layer of the dural mater is continuous with the spinal cord dural mater
Meningeal layer
Straight sinus is formed by
A. Inferior sagittal and great cerebral vein
B. superior sagittal and great cerebral
C. Transverse and great cerebral
D. Sigmoidal and great cerebral
A
At birth where does spinal cord end
L2 or 3 Adult L1 or 2
excessive separation of neck and shoulder or violent stretching of an infant’s neck during childbirth would result to
A. Upper brachial plexus injury
B. lower brachial plexus injury
C. Lumbar plexus injury
D. Sacral plexus injury
A
What nerve is most commonly damaged in the pelvis
Obturator
True or false, Klumpke’s results in altered sensation in the lateral side of the upper limb
False. Medial dapat. Altered in lateral side if Erb Duchenne
Nerve root affected in lower brachial plexus injury
C8 T1
A patient has difficulty in raising their arm above their head. What nerve is most likely damaged?
A. Long thoracic
B. median
C. ulnar
D. Radial
E. axillary
A
What nerve exhibits (+) Trendelenburg sign
Superior gluteal nerve
Fracture on the medial epicondylar part of the humerus results in what nerve damage
Ulnar
What nerve is damage in carpal tunnel syndrome
Median nerve
What supplies the medial side of the forearm
A. Median nerve
B. radial nerve
C. Ulnar nerve
D. Axillary nerve
C
What nerve is damage if there is a loss of the rounded contour of the shoulder
Axillary
End of spinal cord is called
Conus medullaries
Lunate dislocation results in what nerve injury
Distal median nerve injury
What part of the spinal cord is the narrowest and roundest
A, cervical
B. thoracic
C. Lumbar
D. Sacral
B
Ape hand results from what nerve damage
Distal median nerve
basilar artery orignate on what blood vessel?
vertebral artery
ant part of the cerbral peduncle?
crus cerebri post : tegmentum
narrow cavity found on the midbrain?
cerebral aqueduct
part of the mid brain posterior to cerebral aqueduct?
tectum corpora quadrigemina
most commonly damaged blood vessel on extradural hemorrhage?
ant division of the mid meningeal artery
depression that projects the falx cerebri?
longitudinal fissure
large motor nerve cell in this area control voluntary movements on the opposite site of the body?
primary area four,, precentral gyrus
lateral ventricle communicate with the third ventricle through what foramen?
interventricular foramen or foramen of monroe… plss wag kalimutan ang CSF FLOW!!!
Function of the pudendal nerve except
a. Maintaining voluntary urinary, fecal continence
B. Maintains erection
C. Facilitate urine expulsion
D. Supports pelvis viscera
E. none of the above
E
Radial nerve injuries have this distinct position
Wrist drop
Nerve most likely affect if there is a fracture on the supra condylar ridge of the humerus
Median nerve
What is the nerve root of pudendal nerve and the muscle it innervates
S2,3,4… Perineum
The ff suplies the Lower limb that leave the Pelvis through the Greater Sciatic foramen except
A. Sciatic nerve
B. pudendal nerve
C. Sup gluteus
D. Inf gluteus
B
Largest nerve in the body
Sciatic
Largest nerve in the sacral plexus
Sciatic nerve
What nerve is damaged if a person has waddling gait
Superior gluteal nerve
Superior gluteal nerve will be injured if _____ of glut max is damaged
A. Upper lateral
B. upper medial
C. Lower lateral
D. Lower medial
B
True or false. Sciatic nerve is located in the gluteal area
True. But it has no innervation in the gluteal region
Safest site in IM injection in the glut max
Upper lateral border of glut Max
Fracture of the hamate results to what nerve injury
Ulnar. Claw hand deformity
Lumbar plexus is closely related to what muscle
Psoas major
What nerve in the lumbar plexus will emerge from the anterior surface of the psoas major
Genitofemoral L1, L2
A sickle-shaped fold of dura mater that lies in the midline between the two cerebral hemispheres
Falx cerebri
Nerve root of phrenic nerve
C3,4,5
Nerves mainly affected in Erb Duchenne
Axillary , supra scapular, musculocutaneuos
True or false. In Klumpke’s paralysis, PROXIMAL muscles of the upper limb are affected.
False. distal dapat
Main clinical presentation of proximal median nerve injury
Hand of Benediction
Main nerve affected in lower brachial plexus injury
Ulnar and median nerve
Skin on the Lateral surface of the neck is innervated by
A. Lesser occipital
B. greater auricular
C. Transverse cutaneous
D. Supraclavicular
C
The front side of the face is innervated by
Trigeminal nerve
Lost of flexion in the medial finger is indicative for what nerve damage
Ulnar nerve
True or false. All flexors of the forearm are innervated by either median or ulnar nerve
False. Un brachioradialis innervated by radial nerve
Waiter’s tip position is an indication of
A. Upper brachial plexus injury
B. lower brachial plexus injury
C. Lumbar plexus injury
D. Sacral plexus injury
A
True or false. Right transverse is a continuation of straight sinus
False. Right transverse continuation of sup. sagittal Left transverse continuation of straight sinus
True or false All muscles in the infra hyoid region is innervated by Ansa cervicalis
False. Thyrohyoid is not. It is innervated by C1
A crescent-shaped fold of dura mater that roofs over the posterior cranial fossa
Tentorium cerebelli
Innervation of teres major
Lower subscapular c5,6
Skin on the Medial surface of the auricle is innervated by
A. Lesser occipital
B. greater auricular
C. Transverse cutaneous
D. Supraclavicular
A
The ff is innervated by Ansa cervicalis except
A. Sternohyoid
B. omohyoid
C. Sternothyroid
D. Thyrohyoid
D
