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Anatomy 101 > Anatomy 101 Lab Exam 3 Muscles > Flashcards

Anatomy 101 Lab Exam 3 Muscles Flashcards

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1
Q

External oblique action

A

Flexes and laterally bends trunk
Compresses abdominal cavity

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2
Q

Internal oblique action

A

Flexes and laterally bends trunk
Compresses abdominal cavity

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3
Q

Transversus abdominis action

A

Compresses abdominal cavity

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4
Q

Rectus abdominis action

A

Flexes trunk with vertebral column fixed
Compresses abdominal cavity

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5
Q

Frontalis (frontal belly of occipitofrontalis) action

A

Raises eyebrows
Wrinkles skin of forehead horizontally

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6
Q

Occipitalis (occipital belly of occipitofrontalis) action

A

Pulls scalp posteriorly

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7
Q

Orbicularis oculi action

A

Closes eye
Pulls skin around eyes (blinking/winking)

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8
Q

Orbicularis oris action

A

Closes and protrudes lips (kiss)

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9
Q

Buccinator action

A

Manipulates food while chewing
Expels air through pursed lips (blowing trumpet)

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10
Q

Zygomaticus major action

A

Pulls angle of mouth superiority and laterally

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11
Q

Zygomaticus minor action

A

Raises lateral portion of upper lip to expose upper teeth

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12
Q

Platysma action

A

Lowers lower lip
Opens mouth by depressing mandible

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13
Q

Masseter action

A

Elevates mandible
Prime mover of jaw

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14
Q

Temporalis action

A

Elevates and retracts mandible

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15
Q

Digastric action

A

Depresses mandible
Fixation of hyoid bone during swallowing

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16
Q

Mylohyoid action

A

Elevates hyoid bone and floor of mouth, assisting tongue to push food toward pharynx

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17
Q

Sternohyoid action

A

Depresses hyoid bone and larynx

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18
Q

Sternocleidomastoid action

A

Bilateral: flexes head (chin moves toward chest)
Unilateral: flex and rotate head toward opposite side
Accessory muscle of respiration

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19
Q

Scalenes (anterior, middle, posterior) actions

A

Bilateral: flexes head (when 1st rib is fixed)
Elevate rib cage with vertebral column during forced inspiration (when neck is fixed)
Unilateral: moves head laterally
Accessory muscle of respiration

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20
Q

Pectoralis major action

A

Flexes and adducts arm
Rotates arm medially

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21
Q

Pectoralis minor action

A

Protracts and depresses scapula

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22
Q

Serratus anterior action

A

Protracts scapula
Assists in upward rotation of scapula

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23
Q

Diaphragm action

A

Flattens to lower floor of thoracic cavity to increase volume and decrease pressure, causing inspiration

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24
Q

External intercostals action

A

Elevates rib cage, spreading ribs, assisting in inspiration

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25
Q

Internal intercostals action

A

Depresses the rib cage, pulling ribs closer together, assisting in expiration

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26
Q

Trapezius action

A

Elevates scapula
Rotates scapula upwards
Extends head

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27
Q

Deltoid action

A

Abducts arm
Secondarily flexes and extends arm

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28
Q

Latissimus dorsi action

A

Adducts and extends arm
Rotates arm medially

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29
Q

Supraspinatus action

A

Assists abduction of arm
Holds humerus and stabilizes shoulder joint

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30
Q

Infraspinatus action

A

Laterally rotates humerus
Stabilizes shoulder joint

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31
Q

Subscapularis action

A

Adducts and rotates arm medially
Stabilizes shoulder joint

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32
Q

Teres minor action

A

Laterally rotates humerus
Stabilizes shoulder joint

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33
Q

Teres major action

A

Adducts, extends and rotates arm laterally

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34
Q

Levator scapulae action

A

Elevates scapula

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35
Q

Rhomboid minor action

A

Retracts scapula

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36
Q

Rhomboid major action

A

Retracts scapula

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37
Q

Splenius capitis action

A

Extends head
Rotates head to same side as contracting muscle

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38
Q

Iliacus action

A

Flexes thigh and stabilizes it in standing

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39
Q

Psoas major action

A

flexes thigh
laterally bends vertebral column

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40
Q

Sartorius action

A

Flexes, abducts and laterally rotates thigh
Flexes leg at knee

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41
Q

Recuts femoris action

A

Extends knee
Flexes knee

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42
Q

Vastus lateralis action

A

Extend knee
Stabilizes patella

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43
Q

Vastus medialis action

A

Extend knee
Stabilizes patella

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44
Q

Vastus intermedius action

A

Extends knee

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45
Q

Pectineus action

A

Adducts, flexes and medially rotates thigh

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46
Q

Adductor longus action

A

Adducts, medially rotates and flexes thigh

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47
Q

Adductor magnus action

A

Adducts and medially rotates thigh

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48
Q

Adductor brevis action

A

Adducts, medially rotates and flexes thigh

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49
Q

Gracilis action

A

Adducts and medially rotates thigh
Flexes leg

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50
Q

Biceps femoris action

A

Extends thigh
Flexes knee

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51
Q

Semitendinosus action

A

Extends thigh
Flexes knee

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52
Q

Semimembranosus action

A

Extends thigh
Flexes knee

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53
Q

Gluteus Maximus action

A

Extends, abducts and laterally rotates thigh

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54
Q

Gluteus medius action

A

Abducts and medially rotates thigh
Stabilizes pelvis while walking

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55
Q

Tensor fascia latae action

A

Abducts, flexes and medially rotates thigh

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56
Q

Tibilais anterior action

A

Dorsiflexes foot
Inverts foot

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57
Q

Extensor digitorum longus action

A

Dorsiflexes foot
Extends toes

58
Q

Extensor hallucis longus action

A

Dorsiflexes foot
Extends big toe

59
Q

Fibularis (peroneus) longus action

A

Everts foot
Plantar flexes foot

60
Q

Fibularis (peroneus) brevis action

A

Everts foot
Plantar flexes foot

61
Q

Gastrocnemius action

A

Plantar flexes foot
Assists with flexing knee

62
Q

Soles action

A

Plantar flexes foot

63
Q

Plantaris action

A

Plantar flexes foot
Assists with flexing knee

64
Q

Flexor digitorum longus action

A

Flexes toes
Stabilizes foot

65
Q

Flexor hallicus longus action

A

Flexes big toe

66
Q

Biceps brachii action

A

Flexes elbow
Supinates forearm

67
Q

Brachialis action

A

Flexes elbow

68
Q

Triceps brachii action

A

Extends elbow

69
Q

Pronation Teres action

A

Pronates forearm

70
Q

Flexor carpi radialis action

A

Flexes wrist
Abducts hand

71
Q

Palmaris longus action

A

Flexes wrist
Tenses dense connective tissue of palm

72
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris action

A

Flexes wrist
Adducts hand

73
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus action

A

Extends wrist
Abducts hand

74
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis action

A

Extends wrist
Abducts hand

75
Q

Extensor digitorum action

A

Extends wrist
Extends fingers

76
Q

Extensor digiti minimi action

A

Extends pinky

77
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris action

A

Extends wrist
Adducts hands

78
Q

Brachioradialis action

A

Flexes elbow

79
Q

Skeletal muscle is

A

Striated
Multinucleated
Voluntary

80
Q

Cardiac muscle is

A

Striated
Single nucleus
Involuntary

81
Q

Smooth muscle is

A

Non-striated
Single nucleus
Involuntary

82
Q

Maximus means

A

largest

83
Q

Major means

A

larger

84
Q

magnus means

A

large

85
Q

medius means

A

intermediate

86
Q

minor means

A

smaller

87
Q

minimus means

A

smallest

88
Q

longus means

A

long

89
Q

brevis means

A

short

90
Q

latissimus means

A

widest

91
Q

longissimus means

A

longest

92
Q

vastus means

A

huge

93
Q

deltoid means

A

triangular

94
Q

trapezius means

A

trapezoid

95
Q

serratus means

A

saw toothed

96
Q

rhomboid means

A

diamond

97
Q

orbicularis means

A

circular

98
Q

platys means

A

flat

99
Q

quadratus means

A

square/4 sides

100
Q

gracilis means

A

slender

101
Q

rectus means

A

parallel to midline

102
Q

transversus means

A

perpendicular to midline

103
Q

oblique means

A

diagonial to midline

104
Q

biceps have

A

2 heads

105
Q

triceps have

A

3 heads

106
Q

quadriceps have

A

4 heads

107
Q

a flexor

A

decreases joint angle

108
Q

an extensor

A

increases joint angle

109
Q

a levator

A

raises

110
Q

a sphincter

A

decreases the size of the opening

111
Q

a tensor

A

makes body parts rigid

112
Q

a rotator

A

rotates bone around longitudinal axis

113
Q

contractility

A

ability to shorten/contract with force

114
Q

excitability

A

responds to stimulus

115
Q

extensibility

A

can stretch

116
Q

elasticity

A

can return to original resting length after stretching or contracting

117
Q

gliding movements

A

simple movements in which flat bone surfaces move back and forth and side to side

118
Q

Angular movements

A

increase or decrease the angle between articulating bones

119
Q

flexion

A

decrease in angle between articulating bones

120
Q

extension

A

increase in angle between articulating bones

121
Q

hyperextension

A

continuation of extension beyond normal extension

122
Q

lateral flexion

A

movement to the side

123
Q

abduction

A

movement of bone away from midline/body

124
Q

adduction

A

movement of a bone toward the midline/body

125
Q

circumduction

A

movement of body part in a circle

126
Q

rotation

A

a bone revolves around its own longitudinal axis

127
Q

elevation

A

upward movement of a body part

128
Q

depression

A

downward movement of a part of the body

129
Q

protraction

A

movement of a part of the body anteriorly

130
Q

retraction

A

movement of a protracted part of the body back to normal

131
Q

inversion

A

movement of foot medially

132
Q

eversion

A

movement of sole laterally

133
Q

dorsiflexion

A

bending of foot at ankle in upward direction

134
Q

plantar flextion

A

bending of the foot at ankle in a downward direction

135
Q

supination

A

movement of forearm so palm is upward

136
Q

pronation

A

movement of forearm so palm is downward

137
Q

opposition

A

movement of thumb in which thumb moves across palm to touch tips of fingers on same hand

138
Q

isotonic contraction

A

movement (concentric or eccentric)

139
Q

isometric contraction

A

no movement

140
Q

concentric movement

A

when the muscle shortens

141
Q

eccentric movement

A

when the muscle lengthens

142
Q

iliopsoas action

A

flexes hip

Anatomy 101 (10 decks)

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