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BIOL213LA > ANATOMICAL TERMS & ANATOMY OF AMPHIOXUS > Flashcards

ANATOMICAL TERMS & ANATOMY OF AMPHIOXUS Flashcards

1
Q

denotes the back (posterior in human anatomy)

A

dorsal

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2
Q

belly or underside. (Anterior in human anatomy)

A

ventral

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3
Q

the head or toward the head (Superior in human anatomy)

A

anterior, cranial, cephalic

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4
Q

the tail or toward the tail. (Inferior in human anatomy)

A

posterior, caudal

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5
Q

refers to the middle

A

median

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6
Q

refers to the side

A

lateral

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7
Q

refers to the left side

A

sinistral

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8
Q

refers to the right side

A

dextral

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9
Q

above

A

superior

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10
Q

below

A

inferior

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11
Q

near the given point

A

proximal

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12
Q

away from the given point

A

distal

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13
Q

near the middle

A

central

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14
Q

toward the edge or surface

A

peripheral

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15
Q

near the surface

A

superficial

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16
Q

some distance below the surface

A

deep

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17
Q

axes
line in the sagittal plane extending from head to tail

A

longitudinal
anteroposterior

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18
Q

axes
line in the medial plane extending from dorsal to ventral surfaces

A

sagittal
dorsoventral

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19
Q

axes
any line in the transverse plane running from side to side

A

transverse
medio-lateral

20
Q

plane
a longitudinal plane through the axis of the animal, which extends from dorsal to ventral

A

sagittal

21
Q

plane
one that divides the animal into equal halves

A

median sagittal

22
Q

plane
any plane parallel to medial sagittal

A

parasagittal

23
Q

plane
parallel to dorsal and ventral surfaces and is at a right angle to a sagittal plane

A

frontal or horizontal

24
Q

plane
cut across any level of the body at a right angle to the sagittal and frontal planes

A

transverse or cross-section

25
Q

class and subphylum or amphioxus

A

class Leptocardii
subphylum Cephalochordata

26
Q

the body of __ is slender, compressed laterally, the anterior end being blunt and the posterior end being pointed and fish-like. It has a poorly developed head and a tail modified into a fin. It thrives along ocean shores in sandy beaches burying itself with its oral hood protruding.

A

amphioxus

27
Q

external anatomy of amphioxus
the most anterior blunt end, with the following associated structures
rostrum
oral hood
vestibule
cirri/buccal cirri
mouth

A

head

28
Q

external anatomy of amphioxus
the terminal blun end of the head

A

rostrum

29
Q

external anatomy of amphioxus
an expanded membrane of the ventral and greater part of the poorly developed head.

A

oral hood

30
Q

external anatomy of amphioxus
cavity enclosed by the oral hood

A

vestibule

31
Q

external anatomy of amphioxus
stiff ciliated tentacles projecting from the edge of the oral hoo

A

cirri/buccal cirri

32
Q

external anatomy of amphioxus
situated at the bottom of the vestibule

A

mouth

33
Q

external anatomy of amphioxus
situated along the anterodorsal aspect of the animal

A

dorsal fin

34
Q

external anatomy of amphioxus
seen beneath the posterior quarter of the animal

A

ventral fin

35
Q

external anatomy of amphioxus
a pair of ventrolateral membranous folds on the flattened portion of the animal and continue forward from the anterior end of the ventral fins

A

lateral fins or metapleural folds

36
Q

external anatomy of amphioxus
continuation of the dorsal and ventral fins that are slightly expanded surrounding the tail

A

caudal fin

37
Q

external anatomy of amphioxus
a median ventral opening, posterior to the fusion of the two metapleural folds

A

atriopore

38
Q

external anatomy of amphioxus
an opening situated to the left side of the caudal fin at the point where the fin widens

A

anus

39
Q

internal anatomy of amphioxus
a series of v-shaped masses of muscle arranged longitudinally separated by a connective tissue called __

A

myotomes
myosepta

40
Q

internal anatomy of amphioxus
a rod extending along the entire length of the body from the rostrum to the tip of the caudal end.

A

notochord

41
Q

internal anatomy of amphioxus
a much smaller tube just above the notochord, with the presence of a row of black spots called __ or __.

A

neural tube or CNS
ocelli
simple eyes

42
Q

internal anatomy of amphioxus
a vertical membrane that surrounds the mouth which is provided with __

A

velum
velar tentacles

43
Q

internal anatomy of amphioxus
a series of dark bands immediately behind the vellum.

A

pharyngeal bars or gill bards or branchial bars

44
Q

internal anatomy of amphioxus
alternating light bands considered as elongated openings formed by the pharyngeal bars

A

pharyngeal clefts or gill slits

45
Q

internal anatomy of amphioxus
a row finger-like projection situated on the inner surface of the posterior part of the oral hood

A

wheel organ

46
Q

(2) stuctures that make up the pharynx

A

gill bars
gill slits

47
Q

vertebrates are considered __ animals

A

symmetrical

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