Anatomical Terminology Flashcards
What is the anatomical position?
- The toes pointing forward
- The eyes directed to the horizon
- The arms are by the side
- The palms of the hands face forward
What are the 3 planes of the body?
Sagittal, Coronal and Transverse
What is the sagittal plane?
a vertical plane dividing the body into right and left sides
What is the coronal plane?
a vertical plane dividing the body into front and back parts.
What is the transverse plane?
a horizontal plane dividing the body into upper and lower parts.
What is anterior?
Toward the front of the body
What is posterior?
Toward the back of the body
What is superior?
Toward the head/top of body
What is inferior?
Toward the soles of the feet/bottom of body
What is medial?
Toward the median plane
What is lateral?
Away form the median plane
Which 2 terms refer to the limbs?
Promixal and distal
What is proximal?
Toward the trunk
What is distal?
Away from the trunk
What 6 terms are used when describing inside the body?
Superficial, deep, internal, external, ipsilateral, contralateral
What is superficial?
Toward the surface (skin)
What is deep?
Toward the interior of the body
What is internal?
Within a body cavity
What is external?
Outside a body cavity
What is ipsilateral?
On the same side
What is contralateral?
On the opposite side
Which 3 e.g.s of anatomical terms refer to location in the body?
Femur, tarsus & temporal
What does ‘femur’ mean?
Location in thigh
What does tarsus mean?
Location in ankle
What does temporal mean?
Location in temporal region of head
Which 4 e.g.s of anatomical terms refer to bone/muscle shape?
Fibula, cuneiform, navicular, digastric
What does fibula mean?
Pin
What does cuneiform mean?
Wedge shaped
What does navicular mean?
Boat shaped
What does digastric mean?
2 bellies
Which 3 anatomical terms refer to their muscle attachments?
Sternocleidomastoid, Cricothyroid, Geniohyoid
What does ‘sternocleidomastoid’ mean?
Muscle attached to Sternum, clavicle and mastoid process
What does ‘cricothyroid’ mean?
Muscle attached to Cricoid cartilage and thyroid cartilage
What does ‘geniohyoid’ mean?
Mandible genu* attached to Hyoid bone
Which 3 e.g.s of anatomical terms refer to function of muscle?
Flexor carpi radialis, extensor digitorium, masseter
What does ‘flexor carpi digitorium’ mean?
Muscle Flexor on radial side of wrist
What does ‘extensor digitorium’ mean?
Muscle extensor of fingers
What does the ‘masseter’ mean?`
The chewer muscle
Which 3 terms refer to movements of the body?
Gliding, angular and rotationary
What is ‘gliding’?
2 surfaces slide pas each other
What are 4 angular movements?
Flexion, Extension, Abduction, and Adduction
What is ‘flexion’?
Decreases the angle at a joint
What is ‘extension’?
Increases the angle at a joint
What is ‘abduction’?
To move away from the mid-line
What is ‘adduction’?
To move towards the mid-line
What are 2 rotational movements?
External (lateral) and Internal (medial)
What does ‘external (lateral)’ mean?
To turn away from the mid-line
What does ‘internal (medial) mean?
To turn towards the mid-line
Which 4 terms refer to movement of joints in the body?
Pronation, supination, inversion, eversion
What is ‘pronation’?
To turn the palmar surface of the hand to face posteriorly
What is ‘supination’?
To turn the palmar surface of the hand to face anteriorly
What is ‘inversion’?
To turn the plantar surface of the foot medially
What is ‘eversion’?
To turn the plantar surface of the foot laterally
