Anatomical Spaces

Question 1

Where is the femoral triangle located?

Answer 1

anterior thigh compartment

Question 2

Boundaries of the femoral triangle

Answer 2

superior border - inguinal ligament
medial border - lateral border of adductor magnus
lateral border - medial border of sartorius

Question 3

Contents of the femoral triangle

Answer 3

femoral nerve, femoral artery, femoral vein, deep inguinal lymph nodes

Question 4

Which muscles make the floor of the femoral triangle?

Answer 4

Iliopsoas and Pectineus

Question 5

What is a femoral hernia? How is this condition related to the femoral triangle?

Answer 5

fatty tissue, superficial, occurs in the femoral canal, surrounds deep inguinal lymph nodes in artery & vein

Question 6

Where is the Adductor Canal?

Answer 6

medial compartment of the thigh (distally)

Question 7

Which muscles form the boundaries of the adductor canal?

Answer 7

Sartorius, Adductor Longus, Vastus medialis, Adductor magnus

Question 8

Which structures pass through the adductor canal?

Answer 8

femoral artery & vein, descending genicular branches of femoral artery, saphenous nerve, nerve to vastus medialis

Question 9

What is the adductor hiatus? Which muscle forms it?

Answer 9

transmits the femoral artery & vein from adductor canal in the thigh from the adductor magnus (hamstring part)

Question 10

Which structures pass through the adductor hiatus?

Answer 10

femoral artery and popliteal artery exit the adductor hiatus which divides into your anterior and posterior tibial artery

Question 11

What is an adductor canal block (ACB)? Why might a patient undergo this procedure?

Answer 11

It is an anaesthetic injected in the adductor canal that blocks off multiple distal branches of the femoral nerve like the saphenous nerve, used for knee surgery and lasts around 18-24 hours

Question 12

Where is the popliteal fossa? and what shape?

Answer 12

diamond-shaped depression posterior to the knee

Question 13

Borders of the popliteal fossa

Answer 13

Semimembranosus, Semitendinosus
Biceps femoris (long head)
Medial head of gastrocnemius
Lateral head of the gastrocnemius

Question 14

Contents of the popliteal fossa

Answer 14

Popliteal vein & artery, Tibial nerve, Common fibular nerve, Popliteal lymph node, termination of the small saphenous vein

Question 15

The pulse of which artery can be palpated in the popliteal fossa?

Answer 15

popliteal pulse

Question 16

Which of the structures in the popliteal fossa is the deepest and why?

Answer 16

Popliteal artery, as it spans the intercondylar fossa, less risk to injure the artery when it is deep

Question 17

What is a baker’s cyst?

Answer 17

Fluid-filled growth behind the knee, causes a bulge and tightness, can also rupture, can be drained