Anatomical Position/ Terminology Flashcards
Cephalic
head
Cranial
skull
Facial
face
Cervical
neck
Axillary
armpit
Brachial
arm
Sternal
breastbone
Thoracic
chest
Mammary
breast
Antecubital
front of elbow
Antebrachial
forearm
Carpal
wrist
Palmar
palm
Pollex
thumb
Digital or phalangeal
fingers
Femoral
thigh
Patella
front of knee
Crural
shin
Pedal
foot
Tarsal
ankle
Digital or phalangeal
toes
Dorsum
top of foot
Hallux
great toe
Abdominal
abdomen
Umbilical
navel
Coxa
hip
Pelvic
pelvis
Inguinal
groin
Pubic
pubis
Dorsum
back of hand
Manual
hand
Frontal
forehead
Temporal
temple
Orbital or ocular
eye
Otic
ear
Buccal
cheek
Nasal
nose
Oral
mouth
Mental
chin
Occipital
base of skull
Acromial
shoulder
Scapular
shoulder blade
Vertebral
spinal column
Dorsal
back
Olecranal or cubital
back of elbow
Lumbar
loin
Sacral
between hips
Coccygeal
tailbone
Gluteal
buttock
Perineal
area between anus and external genitals
Popliteal
back of knee
Sural
calf
Plantar
sole
Calcaneal
heel
Anatomical position
Standard positioning of the body as standing; feet together, arms to the side; with head, eyes, and palms of hands forward.
What is the anatomical term for ‘toward the head’?
Superior
What is the anatomical term for ‘toward the feet’?
Inferior
True or False: The term ‘medial’ refers to a position closer to the midline of the body.
True
What is the anatomical term for ‘away from the midline of the body’?
Lateral
Fill in the blank: The term ‘________’ refers to a position closer to the attachment of a limb to the body.
Proximal
Fill in the blank: The term ‘________’ refers to a position farther from the attachment of a limb to the body.
Distal
What is the anatomical term for ‘toward the front of the body’?
Anterior
What is the anatomical term for ‘toward the back of the body’?
Posterior
True or False: ‘Superficial’ means closer to the surface of the body.
True
What does ‘deep’ refer to in anatomical terms?
Farther from the surface of the body
What is the purpose of anatomical planes?
To divide the body into sections for study and description.
What is the plane that divides the body into left and right halves called?
Sagittal plane
What is the plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior sections called?
Frontal (or Coronal) plane
What is the plane that divides the body into superior and inferior parts called?
Transverse plane
True or False: The transverse plane is also known as the horizontal plane.
True
What anatomical term describes a structure that is further away from the body’s center?
Peripheral
What is the term for the position when a person is lying face down?
Prone
What is the term for the position when a person is lying face up?
Supine
Fill in the blank: The term ‘_______’ describes movement toward the midline of the body.
Adduction
Fill in the blank: The term ‘_______’ describes movement away from the midline of the body.
Abduction
What does the term ‘rotation’ refer to in anatomical movement?
The circular movement around an axis.
What is the term for the anatomical position where the body is standing upright, arms at the sides, and palms facing forward?
Anatomical position
True or False: In the anatomical position, the feet are positioned together.
True
What is the term for the plane that runs parallel to the ground and divides the body into upper and lower parts?
Transverse plane
What anatomical term is used for structures located towards the belly side?
Ventral
What anatomical term refers to structures located toward the back side?
Dorsal
Fill in the blank: The term ‘_______’ refers to the position of being closer to the surface of the body.
Superficial
What is the term for the area of the body that is closer to the midline?
Medial
True or False: The term ‘distal’ can refer to the limbs only.
True
What anatomical term is used to describe the body parts located away from the center?
Peripheral
What does ‘ipsilateral’ mean?
On the same side of the body.
What does ‘contralateral’ mean?
On the opposite side of the body.
Fill in the blank: The term ‘_______’ describes the direction towards the head or upper part of the structure.
Cranial
What is the difference between ‘anterior’ and ‘ventral’?
‘Anterior’ refers to the front of the body, while ‘ventral’ refers to the belly side.
What anatomical term describes the position of the heart in relation to the lungs?
Medial
What is the anatomical position of the arms in the anatomical position?
At the sides of the body with palms facing forward.
In the human body, which of the following body parts are in a superior position to the lungs? (Select all that apply)
A. Stomach
B. Trachea
C. Spleen
D. Heart
E. Brain
B and E are correct.
“Superior” refers to “above” on a human in anatomical position, which would make the trachea and brain superior to the lungs. The stomach is inferior to the lungs, the diaphragm is inferior to the lungs, and the heart is medial to the lungs.
ATI MANUEL QUESTION
In two to three sentences, describe the part of the arm that is most distal to the shoulder of the human body.
Distal refers to “farthest away.” The thumb is the furthest away from the shoulder of the body.
ATI MANUEL Question
Which terms add clarity to anatomical position relative to the coronal plane?
A. “Superior” and “inferior
B. “Distal” and “proximal”
C. “Anterior” and “posterior”
D. “Lateral” and “ medial”
C is correct.
The coronal or frontal plane divides the body front and back; “anterior: references the front of the body and “posterior” references the back. “Superior” and “inferior” reference the transverse or cross-sectional plane, “distal” and “proximal” indicate relative distance, and “lateral” and “medial” indicate proximity to a medial line.
ATI Manuel Questions
Which two terms are likely to appear in the same discussion related to a part of the body?
A. Dorsal and Lumbar
B. Umbilical and Crural
C. Dorsal and Orbital
D. Lumbar and Patellar
A is correct.
Dorsal and lumbar both relate either directionally or regionally to the back. Umbilical refers to the navel, crural refers to the shin area. Orbital refers to the region of the skull around the eye. Patellar refers to the front of knee.
ATI Manuel Questions
Which of the statements below is/are accurate? (Select all that apply)
A. The Axillary region is superior to the cephalic region.
B. The oral, nasal, Buccal, and ocular regions are all anterior to the occipital region
C. Digital or phalangeal structures may be pedal or manual
D. The Axillary, brachial, antecubital, antebrachial, popliteal, and sural subregions are all associated with upper limbs.
B and C are correct. The mouth, nose, cheek, and eye socket are all to the front of the skull, while the occipital region refers to back base of skull. Digits and phalanges are fingers or toes, which do occur on hands and feet. However, the air pit, upper arm, elbow, and forearm are upper limb structures, the hollow behind of the knee and calf are not.
