Anatomical Position and Organization Flashcards
Superior
Above, toward the top
Inferior
Below, toward the bottom
Cranial
Toward the head
Lateral
Away from the midline
Medial
Toward the midline
Caudal
Toward the tail
Anterior
Toward the front side
Posterior
Toward the back side
Distal
Further from the trunk (a limb) or the point of origin (an organ)
Proximal
Closer to the trunk (a limb) or the point of origin (an organ)
Dorsal
Toward the vertebral side (backbone)
Ventral
Toward the abdomen side
Pedal
Foot
Inguinal
Groin
Thoracic
Chest
Cephalic
Head
Cervical
Neck
Cranial
Skull
Tarsal
Ankle
Crural
Leg
Patellar
Kneecap
Femoral
Thigh
Coxal
Hip
Palmar
Palm
Carpal
Wrist
Antebrachial
Forearm
Umbilical
Navel
Antecubital
Front of elbow
Mammary
Breast
Brachial
Arm
Axillary
Underarm
Sternal
Breast bone
Mental
Chin
Oral
Mouth
Buccal
Cheek
Nasal
Nose
Otic
Ear
Orbital
Eye socket
Calcaneal
Heel (of foot)
Plantar
Sole (of foot)
Sural
Calf
Popliteal
Back of knee
Gluteal
Buttocks
Phalanges
Fingers
Manus
Hand
Sacral
Between hips - tailbone
Lumbar
Lower back
Olecranal
Back of elbow
Vertebral
Backbone
Dorsum
Back
Scapular
Shoulder blade
Acromial
Shoulder
Occipital
Base of skull
Cranial Cavity
Contains brain, protected by meninges, part of dorsal body cavities
Spinal Cavity
Contains spinal cord, protected by meninges
Mediastinum
Center of thoracic cavity, contains all organs between the lungs
Pleural Cavities
Each plural cavity contains one lung, encased by pleura
Pericardial Cavity
In the mediastinum, contains heart, encased by pericardium
Abdominal Cavity
Contains digestive organs, encased by peritoneum
Pelvic Cavity
Contains bladder and reproductive organs, encased by peritoneum
Cranial Cavity
Contains brain, protected by meninges
Spinal Cavity
Contains spinal cord, protected by meninges
Sagittal Plane
Cuts body into left and right sides - mirror image
Frontal (Coronal) Plane
Cuts body into front and back halves - not symmetrical
Transverse Plane
Cuts body into upper and lower halves
Which quadrant is the gallbladder located in?
Right Upper Quadrant
Which quadrant is most of the liver in?
Right Upper Quadrant
Which quadrant is most of the stomach in?
Left Upper Quadrant
Which quadrant is most of the pancreas in?
Left Upper Quadrant
Which quadrant is the spleen in?
Left Upper Quadrant
Which quadrant is the appendix in?
Right Lower Quadrant
Which quadrant is the cecum in?
Right Lower Quadrant
Which quadrant is the sigmoid colon in?
Left Lower Quadrant