ANAT: Integrative anatomy of the upper limb Flashcards
- What cranial nerve corresponds to the accessory nerve?
- Which muscles does it supply?
- CN XI.
- Trapezius and sternocleidomastoid.
What innervates the anterior compartment of the arm?
Musculocutaneous nerve
What innervates the posterior compartment of the arm?
Radial nerve
What innervates the posterior compartment of the forearm?
Radial nerve
What innervates the anterior compartment of the forearm?
Median nerve + ulnar nerve
What is the common site and mechanism of injury to the axillary nerve?
Quandrangular space below the glenohumeral joint (dislocation)
What is the common site and mechanism of injury to the radial nerve?
In spiral groove (fracture of humerus)
What is the common site and mechanism of injury to the ulna nerve?
Behind medial epicondyle and at wrist (fracture of medial epicondyle or wrist)
What is the common site and mechanism of injury to the median nerve?
At the wrist/carpal tunnel (compression).
What are the common deficiencies caused by axillary nerve lesion?
Deltoid muscle - can’t abduct at glenohumeral joint
What are the common deficiencies caused by radial nerve lesion?
Extensor carpi muscles, extensor digitorum, snuff box muscles - loss of wrist, finger (MP) and thumb extension. “Waiter’s tip taking position”/No “paper”
What are the common deficiencies caused by ulnar nerve lesion?
MPs can’t flex.
What are the muscles covered by green scribbles?
What are common presentations of injuries to the upper brachial plexus?
- Can’t abduct the arm (deltoids).
- Weakness in shoulder and elbow flexion (anterior arm muscles).
- Can’t supinate the forearm (supinator).
- (C5 and C6 nerve roots torn).
What are common presentations of injuries to the lower brachial plexus?
- Similar to ulnar nerve lesion (“intrinsic minus”) but worse because also affects median nerves
- (C8 and T1 mainly supply intrinsic muscles of the hand)
