ANAPHYLAB M2 Flashcards
- A process in which a cell splits into two new cells to reproduce:
CELL DIVISION
cells of the body other than
reproductive cells
SOMATIC CELLS
reproductive cells
GAMETES/GERM CELLS
- the process in which cells grow and divide
CELL CYCLE
The cell is preparing
INTERPHASE
The cell is metabolically active, grows physically and replicates organelles and others
G1 PHASE
DNA is replicated to produce 2 sister chromatids and replicates its nucleosomes
S PHASE
Involves further cell growth, protein synthesis and centrosomes are completed
G2 PHASE
- phase where the cell is inactive (e.g. nerve cells)
G0
- Nucleolus disintegrate
- Chromatin condenses into chromosomes
- Formation of mitotic spindles made up of microtubules
PROPHASE
connects the pair of chromatids
which makes up the chromosomes
CENTROMERE
connects to the centromere and
links the chromosomes to microtubules
KINETOCHORE
Alignment of the chromosomes in the middle (equatorial plate)
METAPHASE
Centromeres are split and move to the opposite sides
ANAPHASE
- Nuclear envelopes form
- Chromosomes uncoil into chromatins
- Formation of 2 nuclei
TELOPHASE
- Cytoplasm division
- Occurs either at late anaphase or at telophase
- In Animals: formation of cleavage furrow through contractile ring
- In Plants: formation of cell plate
CYTOKINESIS
Uncontrollable cell growth; formation of abnormal cells
CANCER
- aka Neoplasm
- Excessive tissue formed
TUMOR
- study that deals with cancerous
cells/tumors
ONCOLOGY
tumors that undergo metastasis
MALIGNANT
- tumors that do not undergo metastasis (e.g. skin tags)
BENIGN
spreading to other parts of the body
METASTASIS
tumors form new blood vessels
ANGIOGENESIS
- malignant tumors that come from
epithelial cells
CARCINOMAS
skin cancer
melanoma
- muscle or connective tissues cancer
sarcoma