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2ND YEAR FIRST SEM > ANAPHY M6 > Flashcards

ANAPHY M6 Flashcards

1
Q

-Contribute to homeostasis by protecting the body
and helping regulate body temperature
- Allows to sense pleasurable, painful, and other
stimuli in your external environment
- Includes the skin, hair, oil, and sweat glands, nails,
and sensory receptors

A

INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

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2
Q

largest organof the human body

A

SKIN

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3
Q

Arise from stimulation of sensory receptors embedded in the subcutaneous layer in mucous membranes of the mouth, vagina, ananus; and skeletal muscle tendons,and joints.

  • Distributed in the body unevenly
    ● Highest inthetipof the tongue, lips and
    fingertips
A

Somatic Sensations

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4
Q

Four Modalities of Somatic Sensations

A

● Tactile
● Thermal
● Pain
● Proprioceptive

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5
Q

Capsule surrounds mass of modified Schwann cells and nerve endings in dermal papillae of hairless skin

SENSATIONS
Onset of touch and low- frequency vibrations

ADAPTATION RATE
Rapid

A

TACTILE CORPUSCLES (MEISSNER CORPUSCLES)

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6
Q

Free nerve endings wrapped around hair follicles in skin

A

HAIR ROOT PLEXUSES

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7
Q

Saucer-shaped free nerve endings make contact with tactile epithelial cells in epidermis

SENSATIONS
Movements on skin surface that disturb hairs

ADAPTATION RATE
Rapid

A

TYPE I CUTANEOUS MECHANORECEPTORS (TACTILE DISCS)

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8
Q

Elongated capsule surrounds nerve endings and Schwann cells deep in dermis and in ligaments and tendons

SENSATIONS
Continuous touch and pressure

ADAPTATION RATE
Slow

A

TYPE II CUTANEOUS MECHANORECEPTORS (RUFFINI CORPUSCLES)

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9
Q

Oval, layered capsule surrounds nerve endings; present in dermis and subcutaneous tissue, submucosal tissues, joints, periosteum, and some viscera

SENSATIONS
High-frequency vibrations

ADAPTATION RATE
Rapid

A

LAMELLATED (PACINIAN) CORPUSCLES

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10
Q

Free nerve endings in skin and mucous membranes.

SENSATIONS
Itching and tickling.

ADAPTATION RATE
Both slow and rapid

A

ITCH AND TICKLE RECEPTORS

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11
Q

Free nerve endings in skin and mucous membranes of mouth, vagina, and anus

SENSATIONS
Warmth or cold.

ADAPTATION RATE
Initially rapid, then slow

A

WARM RECEPTORS AND COLD RECEPTORS

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12
Q

Free nerve endings in every body tissue except brain.

SENSATIONS
Pain
ADAPTATION RATE
Slow

A

NOCICEPTORS

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13
Q

Sensory nerve endings wrap around central area of encapsulated intrafusal muscle fibers within most skeletal muscles

SENSATIONS
Muscle length.

ADAPTATION RATE
Slow

A

MUSCLE SPINDLES

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14
Q

Capsule encloses collagen fibers and sensory nerve endings at junction of tendon and muscle

SENSATIONS
Muscle tension.

ADAPTATION RATE
Slow

A

TENDON ORGANS

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15
Q

Lamellar corpuscles, bulbous corpuscles, tendon organs, and free nerve endings

SENSATIONS
Joint position and movement

ADAPTATION RATE
Rapid

A

JOINT KINESTHETIC RECEPTORS

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16
Q

result from stimulation of tactile receptors in the skin or subcutaneous tissue

A

TOUCH

17
Q

sustained sensation that is felt over a larger area than touch, occurs with deeper deformation of the skin and subcutaneous tissue

A

PRESSURE

18
Q

rapidly repetitive sensory signals from tactile receptors

A

VIBRATION

19
Q

from stimulation of free nerve endings by certain chemicals, histamine, or antigens

A

ITCH

20
Q

arises due to sensation brought about by someone else

A

TICKLE

21
Q

Study of fungi
Although more than 50,000 species of fungi are recognized, fewer than 100 have been identified as human pathogens

A

MYCOLOGY

22
Q

No chlorophyll
Absorb nutrients through the environment
Heterotrophic: lack of stems and roots
Acquired via humans thoughts:
Inhalation of spores
Inoculation - trauma into the skin

A

FUNGI

23
Q

causes dandruff

A

Malassezia furfur

24
Q

causes ringworm

A

Microsporum

25
Q

causes athlete foot, fungal infection

A

Epidermophyton

26
Q

solitary cells (reproduce by budding)

A

YEAST

27
Q

have hyphae ( apical extension)

A

MOLD

28
Q

Types of Mycoses

A

SUPERFICIAL - at epidermis
CUTANEOUS - at dermis and epidermis
SUBCUTANEOUS - at the subcutaneous tissue
SYSTEMATIC - at internal organs
OPPORTUNISTIC - have specific targets; attacks if it has an opportunity

29
Q

Specimens such as skin, hair, nails, or sputum are mixed with 20% KOH, it softens, digests, and clears the tissues surrounding the fungi making hyphae and conidia (spores) be seen under a microscope

A

KOH TEST

30
Q

Sources of Error for KOH Test

A

Not enough fungal cells in the sample
Incorrect collection of the sample
The fungal organisms grow very slowly, making them hard to see
The specimen was not stored correctly or received by the lab soon enough
A person used antifungal medications at home before having the sample taken

2ND YEAR FIRST SEM (8 decks)

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