ANAPHY P1

Question 1

4 Types of tissues

Answer 1

Epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous

Question 2

-covers body surfaces & lines the hollow organs, body cavities and ducts

-detects changes in and out of the body; generates electrical signal

Answer 2

Epithelial

Nervous

Question 3

-contraction and generation of force; Generate heat for warmth

• Protects & support the body; binds organ together; store energy as fats; helps in immunity

Answer 3

Muscle Tissue

Connective tissue

Question 4

Contact points between the plasma membrane of tissue cells

Answer 4

Cell junction

Question 5

Types of Cell Junctions

Answer 5

Tight Junction, Adherent Junction, Desmosomes, Hemidesmosomes, Gap junction

Question 6

Made up of web-like strands of transmembrane proteins that fuse together the outer surface
 Function: seal off passageways between adjacent cells
 Organs: stomach, intestines, and urinary bladder

Answer 6

Tight Junctions

Question 7

 Contains: (——)dense layer of proteins (inside plasma membrane); attached to membrane proteins to microfilaments
(—-): Transmembrane glycolipids joins the cell; connects to cadherins of an adjacent cells
(—-): extensive zones that encircles the cell

what type of junction?

Answer 7

plaque, Cadherins, Adhesion belts

Adherens Junction

Question 8

(——?)
 Also contains plaque and cadherins
 (—-) plaques are attached to the (—-)
 Intermediate filament extends to each cell’s desmosomes
 Function: contributes to stability of cells
 Organs: epidermis and cardiac muscle of the heart

Answer 8

Desmosomes, intermediate filament

Question 9

(——?)
 Resembles desmosomes but do not link adjacent cells
(—-?): transmembrane glycoproteins are attached to the protein laminin
 Function: anchor cells to basement membranes

Answer 9

Hemidesmosomes, Integrins

Question 10

(——?)
(——?) (membrane proteins) form tiny fluid-filled tunnels called (—)
 Function:
 small molecules can be diffused from the cytosol to another cell;
 transfers nutrients & wastes;
 allows cells to communication

Answer 10

Gap junction, Connexins, connexons

Question 11

Epithelial Tissue

(——): faces the body surface/ cavity/lumen
(—-) : faces the adjacent cells
(—-): deepest layer that is anchored to the basement membrane
(—-): close to epithelial and secreted by epithelial cells
(——): closer to connective tissue and contains collagen.

Answer 11

APICAL (FREE) SURFACE

LATERAL SURFACES

BASAL SURFACE

BASAL LAMINA

RETICULAR LAMINA

Question 12

Outer covering of the skin and some internal organs

Forms the inner lining of the blood vessel, ducts, body cavities, interior of respiratory, digestive, urinary and reproductive
organ

Answer 12

COVERING & LINING EPITHELIUM

Question 13

Secreting gland: thyroid gland, adrenal glands, and sweat glands

Answer 13

GLANDULAR EPITHELIUM:

Question 14

Arrangement of cells in layers:

-

Answer 14

SIMPLE EPITHELIUM

PSEUDOSTRATIFIED EPITHELIUM

STRATIFIED EPITHELIUM

Question 15

(-)appears to have multiple layers of cells because the cell nuclei lie at different levels;
contains cilia

(-)single layer; diffusion, osmosis, filtration, secretion, and absorption

(-) consists of two of more layers of cell

Answer 15

PSEUDOSTRATIFIED EPITHELIUM

SIMPLE EPITHELIUM

STRATIFIED EPITHELIUM

Question 16

Cell shapes

Answer 16

1. SQUAMOUS CELL: flat and thin; passage
2. CUBOIDAL CELL: tall and wide; cube/hexagon; has microvili for secretion and absorption
3. COLUMNAR CELL: taller and wide; has microvili for secretion and absorption; for protection
4. TRANSITIONAL CELL: changing shape (squamous-cuboidal); for distention/ stretching

Question 17

(—-): taller and wide; has microvili for secretion and absorption; for protection
(—) : tall and wide; cube/hexagon; has microvili for secretion and absorption
(—-): changing shape (squamous-cuboidal); for distention/ stretching
(—-): flat and thin; passage

Answer 17

COLUMNAR CELL

CUBOIDAL CELL

TRANSITIONAL CELL

SQUAMOUS CELL

Question 18

GLANDULAR EPITHELIUM
FUNCTION: (—)
TYPES:
2 types

Answer 18

secretion
1. Endocrine: secretes hormones
2. Exocrine: secrete products into ducts; unicellular and multicellular cells

Question 19

1.(—)): secretes hormones
2. Exocrine:(—-)

Glandular epithelium

Answer 19

Endocrine

secrete products into ducts; unicellular and multicellular cells

Question 20

Contains immature cells with name ending in ‘blasts’.

Answer 20

Connective tissue

Question 21

Types of cells in connective tissue
6 types

Answer 21

Fibroblast, Macrophage, Plasma cell, Mast cell, Adipocyte, White blood cell

Question 22

???
 Migrates
 Abundant in connective tissue

???
 Abundant in blood vessel
 Produces histamine
 Binds to bacteria to kill and ingest it

Answer 22

White blood cell

Mast Cell

Question 23

?????

 Stores triglyceride (fats)
 Found in: skin, heart & kidneys

?????
Develops from B lymphocyte ( a white blood cell)

?????
Flat cells; Secretes fibers; Most numerous

Answer 23

Adipocyte

Plasma Cell

Fibroblast

Question 24

 Type of white blood cells
 Arises from monocytes
 Irregular shape
 Engulfs bacteria & cellular debris (phagocytosis)
 Fixed (-) & wandering (-)

Answer 24

Macrophage

Question 25

??? Ground substance & fibers

Answer 25

Extracellular Matrix

Question 26

Extracellular Matrix

fluid, semifluid, gelatinous, or calcified. Supports cells, binds, stores water, and provides a medium for
exchange of substances between the blood and cells.

Answer 26

Ground substance

Question 27

Extracellular Matrix

(—-): has elastic property; Plentiful in skin, blood vessel walls, and lung tissue.
(—-): consists of collagen; provides support & strength

Answer 27

ELASTIC FIBERS

RETICULAR FIBERS

Question 28

Cells of muscular tissue

Answer 28

Muscle Fibers/ Myocytes: Elongated Cell

Question 29

 DESCRIPTION: branched striated fibers
 LOCATION: heart wall
 FUNCTION: Pump blood to all parts of the body

Answer 29

Cardiac muscle

Question 30

 DESCRIPTION: spindle-shaped; non-striated
 LOCATION: mostly organs
 FUNCTION: motion

Answer 30

Smooth muscle

Question 31

 DESCRIPTION: long cylindrical striated fibers
 LOCATION: attached to tendons
 FUNCTION: motion, posture, heat production, protection

Answer 31

Skeletal muscle

Question 32

Shape of Cardiac, Smooth, Skeletal muscle

Answer 32

branched striated fibers, spindle shaped, non striated , long cylindrical striated fibers

Question 33

(—)
Cells: neuron and neuroglia
Neurons:(—-); sensitive to stimuli (PARTS: cell body, dendrites, axon

(—): supportive functions

Answer 33

NERVOUS TISSUE, nerve cells, Neuroglia