ANAPHY MIDTERMS 1 Flashcards

1
Q

consists of the structures
used to acquire O2 and remove CO2 from the
blood.

A

respiratory system

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2
Q

is a by-product of ATP production and must
be removed from the blood.

A

CO2/Carbon Dioxide

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3
Q

Increased levels of CO2 will _____ the pH of the
blood

A

lower

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4
Q

breathing, the movement of air into
and out of the lungs

A

Ventilation

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5
Q

the exchange of O2 and
CO2 between the air in the lungs and the blood

A

External Respiration

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6
Q

O2 and CO2 travel in the blood
to and from cells

A

Gas Transport

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7
Q

the exchange of O2 and
CO2 between the blood and the tissues

A

Internal Respiration

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8
Q

The lungs
produce an enzyme called ________ which regulates blood pressure.

A

angiotensin-converting
enzyme (ACE)

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9
Q

Air moving past the vocal
folds makes sound and speech possible.

A

Voice production

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10
Q

The sensation of smell occurs when
airborne molecules are drawn into the nasal cavity

A

Olfaction

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11
Q

The respiratory system provides
protection against some microorganisms by
preventing them from entering the body and
removing them from respiratory surfaces.

A

Protection

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12
Q

encloses the chamber for air
inspiration.

A

External nose

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13
Q

a cleaning, warming, and
humidifying chamber for inspired air.

A

Nasal cavity

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14
Q

commonly called the throat, it serves
as a shared passageway for food and air.

A

Pharynx

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15
Q

the voice box

A

Larynx

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16
Q

structures from the
nose to the larynx

A

Upper respiratory tract

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17
Q

structures from the
trachea through the alveoli in the lungs

A

Lower respiratory tract

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18
Q

structures from the nose to
the air tubes within the lungs used strictly for
ventilation

A

Conducting zone

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19
Q

small air tubes in the lungs
and the alveoli where gas exchange occurs

A

Respiratory zone

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20
Q

composed of mainly of hyaline cartilage

A

External nose

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21
Q

extends from nares (nostrils) to the choana which
are the openings to pharynx

A

Nasal cavity

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22
Q

air filled spaces within bone

A

Paranasal sinuses

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23
Q

bony projections on each side of nasal cavity, help in cleaning, humidifying, warming of air

A

Conchae

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24
Q

a common passageway for the respiratory
and digestive systems

A

PHARYNX

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25
Q

takes in air

A

Nasopharynx

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26
Q

extends from uvula to epiglottis, takes in food,
drink, and air

A

Oropharynx

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27
Q

extends from epiglottis to esophagus,
food and drink pass through

A

Laryngopharynx

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28
Q

“little grape”
extension of soft palate

A

Uvula

29
Q

aids in defending against infections

A

Pharyngeal tonsil

30
Q

located in the anterior throat and extends
from the base of the tongue to the trachea and consists of 9 cartilages

A

LARYNX

31
Q

largest piece of cartilage
and called Adam’s apple

A

Thyroid cartilage

32
Q

piece of cartilage
and flap that prevents swallowed materials from

A

Epiglottis

33
Q

false vocal cords

A

Vestibular Folds

34
Q

source of voice production
and air moves past them, they vibrate, and sound
is produced

A

Vocal Cords

35
Q

“Windpipe”
Consists of 16 to 20 C-shaped pieces of cartilage
called tracheal rings

A

Trachea

36
Q

Divides into right and left main (primary) bronchi in
the lungs at the carina
* Lined with cilia
* Contain C-shaped pieces of cartilage

A

Bronchi

37
Q

Structures become smaller and more
numerous from primary bronchi to alveoli.

A

Tracheobronchial Tree

38
Q
  • the smooth muscle relaxes,
    making the bronchiole diameter larger.
A

Bronchodilation

39
Q

the smooth muscle
contracts, making the bronchiole diameter smaller

A

Bronchoconstriction

40
Q

contraction of terminal
bronchioles leads to reduced air flow

A

Asthma attack

41
Q

The sites of external respiration and it was describe as small air-filled sacs where air and blood

A

Alveoli

42
Q

have a few
attached alveoli.

A

Respiratory bronchioles

43
Q

arise from the respiratory
bronchioles and open into alveoli.

A

Alveolar ducts

44
Q

are chambers connected to
two or more alveoli at the end.

A

Alveolar sacs

45
Q

In lungs where gas exchange between air
and blood occurs, Formed by walls of alveoli and capillaries

A

Respiratory Membrane

46
Q

Primary organ of respiration

A

Lungs

47
Q

the space enclosed by
the thoracic wall and the diaphragm

A

Thoracic cavity

48
Q

a sheet of skeletal muscle
separating the thoracic cavity from the
abdominal cavity

A

Diaphragm

49
Q

Oxygenated blood has passed through the
lungs and picked up _____________

A

O2/Oxygen

50
Q

Deoxygenated blood has passed through
the tissues and released some of its ______

A

O2/Oxygen

51
Q

Pulmonary arteries carry ________blood to pulmonary capillaries

A

deoxygenated

52
Q

Blood becomes ________ and returns to
the heart through pulmonary veins.

A

oxygenated

53
Q

space around each lung

A

Pleural cavity

54
Q

double-layered membrane around lungs

A

Pleura

55
Q

membrane that lines thoracic cavity

A

Parietal pleura

56
Q

membrane that covers lung’s surface

A

Visceral pleura

57
Q

the process of moving air in and out of the lungs

A

Ventilation

58
Q

increase the volume of the
thoracic cavity

A

Muscles of inspiration

59
Q

decrease thoracic volume
by depressing the ribs and sternum.

A

Muscles of expiration

60
Q

When the volume of a container increases the air
pressure _________.

A

decreases

61
Q

When the volume of a container decreases air
pressure __________.

A

Increases

62
Q
  • Diaphragm descends and rib cage expands
  • Thoracic cavity volume increases, pressure
    decreases
  • Atmospheric pressure is greater than
    alveolar pressure
  • Air moves into alveoli (lungs)
A

Inspiration

63
Q
  • Diaphragm relaxes and rib cage recoils
  • Thoracic cavity volume decreases, pressure
    increases
  • Alveolar pressure is greater than
    atmospheric pressure
  • Air moves out of lungs
A

Expiration

64
Q

Blood returning from tissues and entering alveoli
in the lungs has a _______ partial pressure of O2 and
a ________ partial pressure of CO2 than the air in the
alveoli.

A

-lower
-higher

65
Q

Blood traveling from the lungs and through
capillaries in the tissues has a ______ partial
pressure of O2 and a _______ partial pressure of CO2
than the interstitial fluid.

A

-higher
-lower

66
Q
  • Once O2 and CO2 enter the blood they interact
    with components that increase their _________.
A

solubility

67
Q

CO2 reacts with water to form ________.

A

carbonic acid

68
Q

Carbonic acid dissociates into a _________ and ___________ .

A

hydrogen ion and a
bicarbonate ion

69
Q

Carbonic anhydrase (RBC) increases rate of CO2
reacting with water As CO2 levels increase, blood
pH decreases

A