ANAPHY

Question 1

Refer to the science that deals with the form and structure of all organisms. The word means to cut apart;

Answer 1

Anatomy

Question 2

It is the study of the integrated functions of the body and the functions of all its parts (systems, organs, tissues, cells, and cell components), including biophysical and biochemical processes.

Answer 2

Physiology

Question 3

combination of chemistry and microscopic anatomy.

Answer 3

Histochemistry.

Question 4

This is the study of the form and relations (relative positions) of the structures of the body that can be seen with the unaided eye.

Answer 4

gross (macroscopic) anatomy

Question 5

It is a study of the structures of various species of animals, with particular emphasis on those characteristics that aid in classification.

Answer 5

Comparative anatomy

Question 6

It is the study of developmental anatomy, covering the period from conception (fertilization of the egg) to birth.

Answer 6

Embryology

Question 7

Study of tissues and cells that can be seen only with the aid of a microscope.

Answer 7

Microscopic anatomy or Histology

Question 8

deals with portions of cells and tissues as they are visualized with the aid of the electron microscope.

Answer 8

Ultrastructural cytology

Question 9

Our approach to the study of anatomy will
be chiefly by systems.

Answer 9

Systematic anatomy

Question 10

Skeletal system

Answer 10

Osteology

Question 11

Articular system

Answer 11

Arthrology (Joints)

Question 12

Myology (Muscles)

Answer 12

Muscular system

Question 13

Digestive system
Respiratory system
Urinary system
Reproductive system

Answer 13

Splanchnology

Question 14

Endocrine system

Answer 14

Endocrinology (Ductless glands)

Question 15

Nervous system

Answer 15

Neurology (Brain, spinal cord, and nerves)

Question 16

Cardiology (Heart and vessels)

Answer 16

Circulatory system

Question 17

Sensory system

Answer 17

Esthesiology (Eye and ear)

Question 18

terms that are frequently used to describe the eye and aspects of dental anatomy

Answer 18

anterior, posterior, superior, and inferior

Question 19

It is a directional term meaning toward
the head.

Answer 19

Cranial

Question 20

The shoulder is _______ direction to the hip; it
is closer to the head than the hip.

Answer 20

Cranial

Question 21

It means toward the tail.

Answer 21

Caudal

Question 22

The rump is _______ to the loin.

Answer 22

caudal

Question 23

directional terms used about features of the head to mean toward the nose.

Answer 23

rostral

Question 24

directional terms used about features of the head to mean toward the tail.

Answer 24

caudal

Question 25

It is an imaginary plane passing through the body to divide the body into equal right and left halves.

Answer 25

Median plane

Question 26

A beef carcass is split into two halves on the _______ plane.

Answer 26

median

Question 27

It refers to any plane parallel to the median plane.

Answer 27

Sagittal plane

Question 28

The median plane is sometimes called __________ plane.

Answer 28

midsagittal plane.

Question 29

It is at right angles to the median plane and divides the body into cranial and caudal segments.

Answer 29

Transverse plane

Question 30

A cross-section of the body would be made on a _________ plane.

Answer 30

transverse plane.

Question 31

It is at right angles to both the median plane and transverse planes.

Answer 31

horizontal plane

Question 32

dorsal

Answer 32

upper segments

Question 33

ventral

Answer 33

lower segments

Question 34

It is an adjective meaning close to or toward the median plane.

Answer 34

Medial

Question 35

It is the antonym of medial; it means away from the median plane.

Answer 35

Lateral

Question 36

It means toward or beyond the backbone or vertebral column.

Answer 36

Dorsal

Question 37

It is the noun referring to the dorsal portion or back.

Answer 37

Dorsum

Question 38

It means away from the vertebral column or toward the midabdominal wall.

Answer 38

Ventral

Question 39

These indicate proximity to the center of an anatomical structure.

Answer 39

Deep and internal e.g. The humerus (arm bone) is deep in relation to all other structures in the arm.

Question 40

These refer to proximity to the surface of the body

Answer 40

Superficial and external e.g. Hair is superficial to all other structures of the body.

Question 41

It means relatively close to a given part, usually the vertebral column, body, or center of gravity.

Answer 41

Proximal It is generally used in reference to an extremity or limb. The carpus or knee is proximal to the foot.

Question 42

It means farther from the vertebral column, and like proximal, it is generally used in reference to portions of an extremity.

Answer 42

Distal e.g. The hoof is distal to the carpus or knee.

Question 43

suffix _____ is used to form an adverb from any of the above-named directional terms, indicating movement in the direction of or toward.

Answer 43

x -ad as in dorsad, ventrad, caudad, and craniad,

Question 44

It refers to the flexor or caudal surface.

Answer 44

Palmar

Question 45

It is used in this region to refer to the opposite (cranial) side

Answer 45

Dorsal

Question 46

It refers to the caudal surface

Answer 46

Plantar

Question 47

It refers to a position in which the dorsal aspect of the body or any extremity is uppermost.

Answer 47

Prone

Question 48

It refers to the act of turning toward a prone position.

Answer 48

Pronation

Question 49

It refers to the position in which the ventral aspect of the body or palmar or plantar aspect of an extremity is uppermost.

Answer 49

Supine

Question 50

It refers to the act of turning toward a supine position.

Answer 50

Supination

Question 51

Median

Answer 51

means on the midline (as in the median plane, or the median artery).

Question 52

Medial

Answer 52

it means toward the midline and is a term of relativity (as it implies that there is a lateral).

Question 53

types of tissues that cover the surface of the body, line body cavities, and form glands.

Answer 53

Epithelial tissues

Question 54

Type of tissue which supports and binds other tissues together and from which, in the case of bone marrow, the formed elements of the blood is derived.

Answer 54

Connective tissues

Question 55

Type of tissue that specializes in contracting;

Answer 55

Muscle tissues

Question 56

Type of tissue that conducts impulses from one part of the body to another.

Answer 56

Nervous tissues

Question 57

The study of the bones that make up the skeleton, or framework of the body.

Answer 57

Osteology

Question 58

Functions of Bones

Answer 58

* Protection of vital organs * locomotion, defense, offense, grasping, * storage area for minerals, particularly calcium and phosphorus.

Question 59

It is the hard layer that constitutes the exterior of most bones and forms almost the entire shaft of long bones.

Answer 59

Compact (dense or cortical) bone

Question 60

This bone is composed of spicules arranged to form a porous network. The spaces are usually filled with marrow.

Answer 60

Cancellous (spongy) bone

Question 61

It is the space surrounded by the cortex of a long bone.

Answer 61

Medullary cavity (marrow cavity)

Question 62

It is the red marrow found in young animals that gradually is replaced by yellow marrow (fat) as the animal ages.

Answer 62

hematopoietic tissue

Question 63

It refers to either end of a long bone.

Answer 63

Epiphysis

Question 64

It is the cylindrical shaft of a long bone between the two epiphysis.

Answer 64

Diaphysis

Question 65

The _________ of a mature bone is the flared area adjacent to the epiphysis.

Answer 65

Metaphysis

Question 66

It is a layer of hyaline cartilage within the metaphysis of an immature bone that separates the diaphysis from the epiphysis. This is the only area in which a bone can lengthen.

Answer 66

Epiphyseal cartilage or disk (physis)

Question 67

It is a thin layer of hyaline cartilage that covers the articular (joint) surface of a bone.

Answer 67

Articular cartilage

Question 68

It is a fibrous membrane that covers the surface of a bone except where articular cartilage is located.

Answer 68

Periosteum

Question 69

The ________ of the periosteum are responsible for increases in the diameter of bones, and the activity of periosteal cells is important in the healing of fractures.

Answer 69

Osteoblasts (bone-producing cells)

Question 70

The three types of muscle

Answer 70

skeletal, smooth, and cardiac.

Question 71

e bulk of the muscle in the body, and it is responsible for producing the voluntary movements of the limbs, trunk, and head.

Answer 71

skeletal muscle

Question 72

It is characterized by fibers with visible striations, so it is considered a type of striated muscle. However, it is like smooth muscle, contracts intrinsically, and is not under voluntary control.

Answer 72

Cardiac muscle

Question 73

The connective tissue between individual muscle fibers.

Answer 73

endomysium.

Question 74

the sheath surrounding bundles of muscle fibers.

Answer 74

perimysium

Question 75

the connective tissue around an entire muscle.

Answer 75

epimysium