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Laboratory Apparatus > ANAPHY > Flashcards

ANAPHY Flashcards

1
Q

One or more cells that secretes a particular product

A

Gland

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2
Q

2 major types of glands

A

Endocrine gland

Exocrine gland

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3
Q

Endocrine gland characteristics

A
  • ductless

- secretions are hormones

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4
Q

Exocrine gland characteristics

A
  • empty through ducts to the epithelial surface

- includes sweat and oil glands

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5
Q
  • found everywhere in the body

- includes the most abundant and widely distributed tissues

A

Connective tissue

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6
Q

Function of connective tissues

A
  • binds body tissues tgt
  • supports the body
  • provides protection
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7
Q

Characteristics of connective tissues

A
  • variations in blood supply: some tissue types are well vascularized; some are avascular
  • extracellular matrix: non-living material that surrounds living cells
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8
Q

2 main elements of extracellular matrix

A

Ground substance

Fibers

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9
Q

What are ground substances?

A

It is mostly water along with adhesion proteins and polysaccharide molecules

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10
Q

What are fibers?

A
  • produced by cells
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11
Q

3 types of fibers

A

Collagen
Elastic
Reticular

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12
Q

What type of tissues are bones?

A

Osseous tissue

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13
Q

Bones are composed of:

A
  • bone cells in lacunae (cavities)
  • hard matrix of calcium salts
  • large numbers of collagen fibers
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14
Q

Function of bones:

A

Used to protect and support the body

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15
Q

Most common cartilage

A

Hyaline cartilage

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16
Q

Hyaline cartilages are composd of:

A
  • abundant collagen fibers

- rubbery matrix

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17
Q

Example of hyaline cartilage

A

Entire fetal skeleton

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18
Q

Function of elastic cartilage:

A

Provides elasticity

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19
Q

Example of elastic cartilage

A

Supports the external ear

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20
Q

Fibrocartilage characteristics

A

Highly compressible

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21
Q

Example of fibrocartilage:

A

Forms cushion-like discs between vertebrae

22
Q

Why is forming cushion-like discs between vertebrae important?

A

Because it allows you to absorb impact and maintain height

23
Q

Characteristics of dense connective tissues:

A
  • main matrix element is collagen fibers

- cells are fibroblasts

24
Q

Examples of dense connective tissues

A
  • tendon (attach muscle to bone)

- ligaments (attach bone to bone)

25
Q

Characteristics of areolar connective tissue

A
  • most widely distributed connective tissue
  • soft, pliable tissue
  • contains all fiber types
  • can soak up excess fluid
26
Q

Characteristics of adipose tissue

A
  • matrix is areolar tissue in which fat globules predominate

- many cells contain large lipid deposits

27
Q

Function of adipose tissues

A
  • insulates the body
  • protects some organs
  • serve as a site of fuel storage
28
Q

Delicate network of interwoven fibers

A

Reticular connective tissue

29
Q

Reticular connective tissue forms…

A

Stroma (internal supporting network) of lymphoid organs

30
Q

Types of lymphoid organs

A

Lymph nodes
Spleen
Bone marrow

31
Q

Characteristics of blood

A
  • blood cells surrounded by fluid matrix

- fibers are visible during clotting

32
Q

Function of blood

A

Transport vehicle for materials

33
Q

Function of muscle tissue

A

Produce movement

34
Q

3 types of muscle tissues

A

Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth

35
Q

Characteristics of skeletal muscle tissue

A
  • controlled voluntarily
  • cells attach to connective tissue
  • cells are striated
  • multi nucleated
36
Q

Characteristics of cardiac muscle tissue

A
  • found only in the heart
  • cells attached to other cardiac muscle cells at intercalated disks
  • cells are striated
  • mono nucleated
37
Q

Function of cardiac muscle tissue

A

To plump blood

38
Q

Characteristics of smooth muscle tissue

A
  • involuntary
  • surrounds hollow organs
  • attached to other smooth muscle cells
  • no visible striations
  • mono nucleated
39
Q

Neurons and nerve support cells

A

Nervous tissue

40
Q

Function of nervous tissue

A
  • Send impulses to other area of the body: irritability (cell is able to respond to stimuli) & conductivity (able to conduct/transfer signal to another neuron)
41
Q

Replacement of detsroyed tissue by the same kind of cells

A

Regeneration

42
Q

Repair by dense fibrous connective tissue (scar tissue)

A

Fibrosis

43
Q

Determination of method in tissue repair

A
  • type of tissue damaged

- severity of the injury

44
Q

Events in tissue repair

A
  • capillaries become very permeable: introduce clotting proteins and wall off injured area
  • formation of granulation tissue
  • regeneration of surface epithelium
45
Q

Tissues that regenerate easily

A
  • epithelial tissues

- fibrous connective tissue and bone

46
Q

Tissues that regenerate poorly

A

Skeletal muscle

47
Q

Tissues that are replaced largely with scar tissue

A
  • Cardiac muscle

- Nervous tissue within the brain and spinal cord

48
Q

Epithelial tissues arise from?

A

All 3 primary types of germ layers

49
Q

Muscle and connective tissue arise from?

A

The mesoderm

50
Q

Nervous tissue arises from?

A

The ectoderm

51
Q

With old age there is a…

A

Decrease in mass and viability in most tissues

Laboratory Apparatus (7 decks)

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