Analytical Instrumentation Flashcards
works like a prism and separates the light into its component wavelengths
diffraction grating
the _____________ measures the transmittance and absorbance of the sample
detector
the detector measures the _________________ and ____________ of the sample
transmittance, absorbance
It refers to the amount of light that passes completely through the sample and strikes the detector
Transmittance
It is a measurement of light that is absorbed by the sample
Absorbance
The detector senses the light being transmitted through the sample and converts this information into a _____________________
digital display
It is the study of how light interact with matter
Spectroscopy
This works because lights gets absorbed by matter
Spectrophotometry
higher concentration = light absorbed?
more light gets absorbed
higher concentration = light transmitted?
less lights gets transmitted
Components of spectrophotometry:
light source
collimator (lens)
monochromator (prism)
wavelength selector
sample dilution
detector
digital display
This measures the incoming light and the result gets displayed
Detector
This value is known as the absorbance value which is also often called?
optical density or od
This value that gets displayed is known as the?
absorbance value
It shows us how much light and at which wavelength it gets absorbed by our sample
Absorption spectrum
In the absorption spectrum, the y-axis is the?
absorbance
In the absorption spectrum, the x-axis is the?
wavelength
To calculate the specific concentration of the solution used in the spectrometer, we use?
Beer’s law
This can be used to quantify the amount or a substance in a solution
Spectrophotometry
It is especially useful when we want to measure the change in concentration of a solution over time
Spectrophotometry
It is widely used in chemistry, physics, biochemistry, and materials and chemical engineering
Spectrophotometry
It is typically used to measure wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation (light) that have interacted with a sample
spectrometer
It is a chromatography technique in which separation is carried out in column
Column Chromatography
The column is filled with the stationary phase which can either be?
silica
alumina
cellulose
The bottom of the column is packed with ______________ to support the stationary phase
cotton or glass wool
The column preparation is usually carried out by two methods:
wet method
dry method
In this method, the stationary phase is mixed with mobile phase to make a slurry and then packed in the column
wet method
In this method, the powder of the stationary phase is directly added to the column.
dry method
mobile phase = ?
eluent
The mobile phase leaving the column is known as
eluate
The sample leaving the column is known as
eluite
Other forms of column chromatography:
adsorption chromatography
Ion exchange chromatography
affinity chromatography
gel permeation chromatography
If stationary phase is adsorbent material like silica and alumina, then its known as
adsorption chromatography
Is stationary phase is ion exchange resin, then its known as I
on exchange chromatography
If the stationary phase is attached with the ligand that binds specific molecules such as protein or enzyme, then it is called as
affinity chromatography
If the stationary phase is a porous gel or a bead, then its known as
gel permeation chromatography
It is based on adsorption chromatography
thin layer chromatography
Adsorbent (silica, alumina) is coated on?
glass slide
plastic surface
inert solid surface
Thickness of adsorbent material = ?
0.1 mm to 0.3 mm
Once adsorbent material is coated, the plates are kept in?
oven
Coloured samples can be visualized directly
thin layer chromatography
It is usually used to detect analytes that gives fluorescence
UV light
