Analytical Chemistry Flashcards
What is analytical chemistry
methods for determining the chemical composition of chemical components
qualitative analysis
determine the identity of species or functional groups in the sample
quantitative analysis
determine the amount of analytes present
classical methods- wet chemical methods
precipitation
extraction
distillation
gravimetric and titrimetric measurements
instrumental methods- analytical measurements
light absorption or emission
mass to charge ratio
fluorescence
NMR
Analytical toxicology analysis
1- extraction of the poison from the sample
2- concentration poison and metabolites
3- identification of poison
4- confirmation of identify and quantification
instruments
- chemical colour test
- GC
- Liquid chromoatography
- MS
- spectrophotometry (UV and visible)
- IR spectroscopy
Chromatography
represents a mean of separating and tentatively identifying the components present in a mixture.
spectrophotometry
study of absorption of light by chemical substance
spectrometry
measure the molecular mass of a compound
classes of instrumental methods
- chromatographic methods (separations)
- spectroscopic methods
atomic spectroscopy- determination of elemental composition by its electromagnetic or mass spectrum
molecular spectroscopy- absorption, emission and scattering of a proton when the energy of a molecule changes - electrochemistry- shifts in electrical current is measured for oxidation or reduction reactions
Application of instrumental methods
- Bioanalytical
- Forensic science
- Materials science
- Environmental
analytical methodology
- sample preparation- depends on analytical techniques
- analytical measurement: which techniques are best
- data analysis: whether data acquired make sense or not
