Analogical Reasoning

Question 1

Define: analogy.

Answer 1

A parallel drawn between two (or more) entities by indicating one or more respects in which they are similar.

Question 2

Define: analogical argument.

Answer 2

A kind of inductive argument in which, from the fact that two entities are alike in some respect(s), it is concluded that they are also alike in some other respect(s).

Question 3

What are the six criteria for analogical argument strength?

Answer 3

1. number of entities
2. variety of instances in the premise
3. number of similar respects
4. relevance
5. disanalogies
6. claim that the conclusion makes

Question 4

Define: disanalogy.

Answer 4

In an analogical argument, a point of difference between the cases cited in the premises and the case mentioned in the conclusion.