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Anaesthesia and Analgesia > Analgesia Questions > Flashcards

Analgesia Questions Flashcards

1
Q

What are the contraindications of opioid?

A

Severe liver and kidney failure

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2
Q

What is the generic name for Comfortan?

A

Methadone

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3
Q

Full agonists are used to treat mild-moderate pain
True or False

A

False

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4
Q

What drug category is meloxicam

A

NSAID’s

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5
Q

What does NSAID stand for?

A

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug

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6
Q

Is acupuncture more often used for chronic or acute pain?

A

Chronic

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7
Q

What drug is used to treat convulsions and neuropathic pain?

A

Gabapentin

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8
Q

Can fentanyl be administered via CRI?

True or false

A

True

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9
Q

What are the possible side effects of NSAIDS? (4)

A

GI irritation + ulceration

Renal failure

Liver toxicity

Blood imbalances

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10
Q

What procedures is buprenorphine commonly used for?

Superficial surgeries + stitch ups

Neutering

Amputation and orthopaedic procedures

A

Superficial surgeries and stitch ups

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11
Q

Where on the nervous system do opioids act?

A

Act centrally and peripherally

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12
Q

Is Morphine a full or partial agonist?

A

Full antagonist

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13
Q

Which of the following opioids is administered by CRI:

Methadone

Buprenorphine

Fentanyl

A

Fentanyl

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14
Q

NSAIDS are suitable for animals under the age of 6 weeks?

A

No they are unsuitable

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15
Q

Acupuncture is most often used in patients with acute pain
True or False

A

False

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16
Q

How is Ketamine given when used for analgesic purposes?

A

Infusion

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17
Q

Which drug can be administered to reverse analgesia provided by alpha 2 agonists?

A

Atipamezole

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18
Q

What do NSAIDS inhibit?

A

They inhibit the production of inflammatory mediators.

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19
Q

What species Is Methadone licensed for?

A

Dogs and Cats

20
Q

What type of pain would Buprenorphine be used to treat?

A

mild > moderate pain

21
Q

What is the difference between full and partial agonists and give 1 example of each?

A

Full agonists are used for moderate to severe pain. E.g. morphine, fentanyl, methadone, pethidine.
Partial agonists are used for mild to moderate moderate pain. E.g. buprenorphine, butorphanol

22
Q

List 2 side effects of opioids

A

Excitement where no pain exists

Hyper excitement & seizures in cats

Respiratory depression (worse in humans)

Cough reflex depressed

Adverse gastrointestinal effects: intestinal spasms, constipation with prolonged use, contraction of the bile duct

23
Q

What do NSAIDs stand for?

A

Non steroidal anti inflammatories drugs

24
Q

What is the generic name for Metacam?

A

Meloxicam

25
Q

You should avoid NSAIDs if the patient has pre-existing renal disease: TRUE OR FALSE

A

True

26
Q

List 2 types of local anaesthetics?

A

Lignocaine, bupivacaine, mepivacaine

27
Q

What is Gabapentin?

A

Aanticonvulsant

28
Q

How must ketamine be delivered for the purposes of analgesia?

A

At a very low dose either as a bolus or as an infusion

29
Q

Is methadone an opioid?

A

Yes

30
Q

Is meloxicam an NSAID?

A

Yes

31
Q

Can an NSAID be used in an animal under 6 weeks old?

A

No

32
Q

Is gabapentin a convulsant?

A

No

33
Q

Can NSAID’s be used in a patient with renal failure?

A

No

34
Q

Is acupuncture a form of pain relief?

A

Yes

35
Q

Do alpha-2-adrenoreceptor agonists have a sedative effect?

A

Yes

36
Q

Should opioids be used in patients with severe liver and kidney failure?

A

No

37
Q

Should ketamine be given at a high dose rate where used purely for analgesia?

A

No

38
Q

Are benzodiazepines used to control muscle spasms?

A

Yes

39
Q

Partial agonists are used for moderate-severe pain. True or false?

A

False

40
Q

Name 2 commonly used full agonists.

A

Methadone and Fentanyl.

41
Q

What are contraindications of using steroids?

A

Advanced respiratory dysfunction and severe liver and kidney failure.

42
Q

NSAIDS inhibit the production of inflammatory mediators vie the inhibition of COX enzymes. Give an example of an inflammatory mediator.

A

Prostaglandins.

43
Q

Give 4 examples of NSAIDS.

A

Meloxicam, Carprofen, Robenacoxib, Aspirin, Phenybutazone, Ketoprofen, Paracetamol.

44
Q

Name 3 adverse affects that could occur when giving a patient NSAIDS.

A

Gastrointestinal irritation and ulceration, renal failure, blood imbalances, liver toxicity.

45
Q

When should you avoid giving a patient NSAIDS?

A

Dehydrated, hypotensive, pre-existing renal disease, liver disease and animals already on corticosteroids or other NSAIDS.

46
Q

What forms does the local anaesthetic Lignocaine come in?

A

injection, gel, spray.

47
Q

What kind of pain may Gabapentin be used for?

A

Neuropathic pain.

Anaesthesia and Analgesia (15 decks)

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