Anaesthesia (low weight) Flashcards
What is used after surgery to reverse the effects of anaesthesia
Acetylcholineesterase inhibiting drugs
What are some examples of AChE inhibitors
Rivastigmine
Neostigmine
Pyridostigmine
What is the most widely used anaesthetic
Propofol
True or false: propofol has more rapid recovery from anaesthesia and less hangover effect than other IV anaesthetics
TRUE
What class of drug is thiopental
A barbiturate
True or false:
Thiopental can be used for both induction and maintenance of anaesthesia
FALSE
It is only used for induction
The sedative effect of thiopental can last up to _____
24 hours
Which drugs causes less hypotension during induction of anaesthesia (than propofol and thiopental)
(2 points)
Etomidate
Ketamine
The incidence of hallucinations, nightmares and psychotic effects caused be ketamine is reduced by using ________
Benzodiazepines
Delete as appropriate
Propofol, thiopental, ketamine and etomidate are IV/Inhaled anaesthetics
IV
To prevent hypoxia when using inhaled anaesthetics, the mixture must contain at least _____% oxygen at all times
25 %
What is the preferred inhaled anaesthetic for use in obstetrics
Isofluorane
Which inhaled anaesthetic is not recommended for induction of anaesthesia as it causes upper respiratory tract irritation
Desfluorane
True or false:
Nitrous oxide is suitable for use as a single anaesthetic agent
FALSE
It is not potent enough
It is useful when combined with other drugs as it allows their doses to be reduced
Malignant hyperthermia is more commonly associated with which type of anaesthetics? (inhaled or IV)
Inhaled
What are the signs of malignant hyperthermia
4 points
- Rapid rise in temperature
- Increased muscle rigidity
- Tachycardia
- Acidosis
What drug is used in the management of malignant hyperthermia
Dantrolene
Which cardiovascular drugs must be stopped before surgery?
3 points
ACE i
ARBs
K+ sparing diuretics
How long before elective surgery should combined hormonal contraceptives be stopped
4 weeks
How long before surgery should Lithium be stopped
24 hours for major surgery
can continue for minor surgery but need to monitor closely
How long before surgery should K sparing diuretics be stopped
Should be withheld on the morning of the surgery
How long before surgery should ACEi/ARBs be stopped
Why must they be stopped
24 hours before
They can cause serious hypotension on induction of anaesthesia
TRUE or false:
MAOI should be stopped before surgery
TRUE
They interact with a lot of drugs used in surgery e.g. pethidine
Anaesthesia can cause regurgitation (and therefore aspiration) of gastric contents during surgery.
What drugs are used to manage this?
A H2 antagonist 1-2 hours before procedure
An antacid to reduce the pH of gastric contents
