Anaes Flashcards
What does LMA stand for and what is it
Laryngeal Mask airway, a supraglottic airway device
Most common drug used for Total IntraVenous Anaesthesia(TIVA)
Propofol
Why it is important to know where the spinal cord ends
For spinal blocks, has to be done below where the spinal cord ends
Where spinal cord ends in adults and children
Adults: L1
Children: L2-L3
Possible complication of a spinal block
Post Dural Puncture Headache/ Spinal headache, 1-3% chance
Risk Factors for post Dural Puncture Headache
1) Young Patient
2) Female
3) Pregnant
4) Large needle gauge
Antidote for Malignant Hyperthermia
Dantrolene
Most common anesthetic agents causing Malignant Hyperthermia
Inhalational agents
Anesthetic agents that are more likely to cause Malignant Hyperthermia
Inhalational agents eg sevaflurane, desflurane as well as succinylcholine
What to give the patient to reduce the likelihood of postoperative nausea and vomiting
IV metoclopramide or IV ondansetron
Why is it important to ask for hx of recent URTI
Recent URTI may predispose to peri operative bronchospasm
Function of bite block in supra glottoc airway
Prevent negative pressure pulmonary edema
5 ways of confirming ETT placement
DIRECT VISUALISATION
Misting of ETT
Equal chest rise
5 pt auscultation
End tidal CO2 indicator
Scoring for supine Laryngeal view scoring
Cormack Lehane grading
Normal range of Biospectral Index(BIS)?
40-60
Causes of Respi distress post thyroidectomy
- Neck hematoma
- Acute hypocalcemia from parathyroids
- Vocal chord palsy from RLN injury
- Tracheomalacia from long-standing goitre
- ?
Difference between phenylephrine and ephedrine
Phenylephrine causes vasoconstriction and either normal HR or bradycardia
Ephedrine causes vasoconstriction and tachycardia
Antidote for rocuronium(non depolarising NMBA)
Sugammadex
Definitive Mx for difficult airway with repeated failed intubation attempts
Surgical Cricothyroidotomy/front of neck access
Triad of anaesthesia
Hypnosis, Muscle paralysis and Sedation
Pharmacokinetics vs Pharmacodynamics
Kinetics: What body does to the drug
Dynamics: What drug does to the body
Rough number of half lives taken to fully eliminate a drug
5 half lives( About 96% cleared)
Sites of drug elimination in the body
liver, Kidney and lungs
Alternative types of fentanyl that tend to act faster
remifentanil and sufentanil