anaerobic respiration Flashcards
1
Q
what is?
A
Little or no oxygen, so h ion cannot be removed by combination of oxygen
2
Q
consequences
A
- electron transport chain stops working, electron have nowhere else to go
- NADH and FADH cannot be oxidized back to NAH and FAD and therefore cannot act as hydrogen carrier
- krebs cycle stops working because coenzyme cannot do dehydrogenation process
3
Q
why glycolysis can?
A
Glycolysis does not require oxygen and so a little ATP can be produced from it
However the H in NADH must be passed on to something else
4
Q
Alcohol fermentation
A
- In yeast
NADH pass H to ethanal - ethanal is reduced by alcohol dehydrogenase to ethanol
- ethanol hydrogen acceptor
- pyruvate is decarboxylated to ethanal, 2co2 is given off a waste
- NAD is released and can be used to continue the glycolysis process
- ethanol cannot be metabolised further
5
Q
lactate fermentation
A
- pyruvate is reduced to lactate by lactate dehydrogenase
- pyruvate hydrogen acceptor
- NAD is released to continue glycolysis
- in mamalian muscle
- lactate can be metabolised furhter
6
Q
Function
A
these reaction buys time. There is still ATP produced even though oxygen is not present. However as the products are toxic, the reactions cannot continue infinitely
7
Q
lactate metabolization
A
- converted back to pyruvate
2. converted to glycogen for storage in liver
8
Q
exercise example
A
- During exercise, more o2 is required for aerobic respiration
- However heart and lungs can only meet the demand by 4 minutes, and during this 4 min gap lactate fermentation takes place causing oxygen deficit
- Post exercise, the person is still breathing heavily and the oxygen uptake is still higher than during rest. The extra oxygen used here is in order to pay the oxygen deficit or oxygen debt
9
Q
oxygen debt examples
A
- lactate convert to glycogen
- reoxygenation of haemoglobin in blood
- high metabolic rate of cells
