Anaerobes + Miscellaneous Flashcards
Anaerobic Growth Media
CDC Anaerobic Blood Agar — ENRICHED
BAP + yeast, hemin, vitamin K, cysteine
Bactereoides Bile Esculin (BBE) Agar
Gentamycin + 20% Bile Esculin (Bactereoides fragilis)
Laked Blood Kanamycin-Vancomycin (LKV) Agar
BAP frozen and thawed
G- rods, Bacteroides, Prevotella
Egg Yolk Agar (EYA)
Clostridium spp.
Thioglycollate broth
for anaerobes, microaerophilic “backup”
Aerotolerance test
ANA BAP —- incubated anaerobically
TRUE AEROBE only grows here
ONE CAPP in CO2
growth on CAP, or CAP + ANA BAP = CAPNOPHILIC
BAP under aerobic (normal conditions)
FACULTATIVE ANAEROBE grow on all 3 plates
Peptococcus niger
"Anaerobic staphylococcus" rare cause of human disease black to olive green colonies ---- grey when exposed to air gram + cocci in clusters catalase weak +
Peptostreptococcus anaerobius
"anaerobic streptococcus" rare cause of human disease Colony morph: small grey colonies, w/ off white center high pleimorphic gram + cocci sickly sweet odor susceptible to SPS disk
Clostridium perfringens
causative agent of gas gangrene and food poisoning
colony morph: Double zone beta hemolysis on BAP
gram stain: large boxcar shaped gram positive rods
catalase =
Clostridium tetani
Cause of Tetanus — Lock Jaw
spores in soil enters through puncture wound
Colony morph: smoothly swarming
gram stain: Slender gram + rod w/ round terminal spore
“Tennis racquet, lollipop, drumstick” shape
catalase =
spot indole +
Clostridium botulinum
Botulism from canned food, Botox, Bioterrorism agent
lab confirmation w/ reference labs detecting toxin
gram stain: anaerobic gram + to variable w/ subterminal spore
Clostridium difficile
"C Diff tox" Pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) Antibiotic associated diarrhea (AAD) Colony morph: chartreuse fluorescence under UV Gram stain: slender g+
Actinomyces
NF of mouth, GI tract
colony morph:
young: spider
older : "molar tooth"
Gram stain: g+ curved rodPropionibacterium acnes
NF of skin, can cause bactermia, and acne small opaque white colonies on ANA BAP pleiomorphic, anaerobic g+ bacilli Catalase + w/ H2O2 Spot Indole +
Mobiluncus
NF of female genital tract
bacterial vaginosis if overgrowth
gram stain: g+ curved rods but stains pink
motile
Veilonella
NF of oral cavity, GI tract, or UG tract
colony morph: small transparent to opaque grey-white on ANA BAP
Fluoresce brick red under UV light
Bacteroides fragilis
very drug resistant
anaerobic g- bacilli
large, convex dark colonies on BBE agar
Porphyromonas and Prevotella
Nf of oral cavity, URT, UGT, GIT
colony morph: black or clear colonies on ANA BAP
fluoresce brick red under UV
LKV AGAR
Porphyromonas ---- no growth
Prevotella ---- growth
Spot Indole
Porphyromonas --- +
Prevotella --- =Fusobacterium nucleatum
Nf or dental pathogen leads to pulmonary infection
colony morph: variable
gram stain: gram - fusiform rods
long, skinny, spindle-shaped filaments
Vancomycin resistant
Spot indole +
Chlamydia life cycle
1) Elementary body attaches to host cell and enters via endocytosis
2) Elementary body is placed in a host cell vacuole
3) Elementary body reorganizes to become Reticulate Body
4) Reticulate body divides by binary fission
5) Reticulate bodies revert back to elementary bodies
6) Cell lyses and elementary bodies are released from cell
Chlamydia trachomatis
Lypogranuloma venereum, STD
Trachoma, conjunctivitis
Men - nongonococcal urethritis
Women - urethritis, endometriosis, (PID) Pelvic Inflamatory Disease, Salpingitis —— infertility
specimen collection: skin scrapings
test w/ PCR
Treatment : tetracycline, erythromycin, fluorquinolones
Chlamydia pneumoniae
Acute respitory disease, >90% cases asymptomatic
Biphasic fever
phase 1) prolonged sore throat, flu-like symptoms
phase 2) pneumona + bronchitis
Chlamydia psittaci
causative agent of psittacosis, ornithosis, parrot fever
birds are vector
acute respitory infection
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Bronchitis + pharyngitis
Walking pneumonia
specimen collection - extremely susceptible to drying
trypticase soy broth, SP4 medium
Special Culture media
PPLO, Shepards A7B, NYC, E Agar
Growth under microaerophilic conditions
Lab test: ELISA, serology fluorescenceUreaplasma urealyticum
Females: >60% sexually active women have, associated w/ UGT disorders
Males: NGU
Infants: congenital pneumonia
Rickettsia
short, non motile gram negative bacilli
obligate intracellular parasite
vector: ticks or fleas
Ricketssia ricketsii
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Vector: Ticks specific rash leads to CNS problems 20% mortality if untreated
Rickettsia akari
Rickettsialpox reservoir: common house mouse vector: mites or chigger Papule --- Pustule --- Indurated eschar similar to RMSP but milder
