ANAEMIA Flashcards
What is treatment of sickle cell disease and crises?
disease- folate supplementation- helps make new blood cells
crises- hydroxycarbamide
reduce frequency of crises
What is G6PD deficiency ?
Inborn error of carbohydrate metabolism.
predisposes to haemolytic anaemia
what drugs have definite risk of G6PD deficiency?
dapsone
sulphonamides
nitrofurantoin
quinolones
rasburicase
IRON DEFICINECY ANAEMIA?
What are symptoms?
tiredness, pallor, SOB, Palpitations
IRON DEFICINECY ANAEMIA?
When is prophylaxis needed?
malabsorption
gastrectomy
menorrhagia
chronic renal impairment; haemodialysis
pregnancy
low birth weight infants
IRON DEFICINECY ANAEMIA:
What is counselling point with iron?
continued for 3 months after blood levels return to normal
IRON DEFICINECY ANAEMIA;
What are indications for parenteral preparations of iron?
chronic renal failure with haemodialysis
malabsorption syndromes
chemotherapy induced anaemia
IRON DEFICINECY ANAEMIA?
what is the MHRA advice for parenteral iron?
take caution with every intravenous dose- administered by appropriately trained staff
monitor for 30 minutes after each injection
high risk allergies
avoid in pregnancy- esp 1st trimester
IRON;
What are side effects of injectable iron ?
dizziness
flushing
headache
hyPERtension
hypophosphataemia
hypotension
nausea
skin reactions
taste altered
IRON DEFICINECY ANAEMIA;
What is treatment of iron over load?
can be fatal in children
desferripxamine
ZINC DEFICIENCY;
What are causes?
What is treatment?
inadequate diet or malabsorption
Can occur in trauma, burns and protein-losing conditions
Zinc supplement; zinc sulphate until clinical improvement occurs
ACUTE PORPHYRIA;
What is it?
What can induce acute crisis?
A group of disorders affecting the synthesis of Haem. It is hereditary
Certain drugs
Haem alginate can be given for haem replacement.
What should be avoided in acute porphyria?
alcohol
amiodarone
clindamycin
cocaine
erythromycin
phenytoin
isonaizid
gliclazide
nitrofurantoin
phenytoin
rifampicin
spironolactone
trimethoprim
valproate
what are contraindications of acute porphyria?
Antidepressants
antihistamines
CCB
Contraceptives
