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BLOOD SCIENCES > anaemia > Flashcards

anaemia Flashcards

1
Q

What is haemolytic anaemia?

A

RBCs are destroyed before they are mature

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2
Q

What are the types of haemolytic anaemia?

A
  • sickle cell
  • thalassemia
  • G6PD
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3
Q

What type of RBCs are present in iron deficiency?

A

Microcytic

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4
Q

What are microcytic RBCs?

A

smaller RBCs

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5
Q

What types pf RBCs are present in B12 deficiency?

A

Macrocytic

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6
Q

What are macrocytic RBCs?

A

larger red blood cells

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7
Q

What are hypo chromic RBCs?

A

RBCs are paler

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8
Q

What is haemochromatosis?

A

absorption of too much iron from food

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9
Q

What is the role of B12 and folate in DNA synthesis?

A

DNA in RBCs need to mature

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10
Q

What is pernicious anaemia?

A

lack of production of intrinsic factor (B12 binds to antibodies)

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11
Q

What does a dimorphic blood picture contain?

A

contains hypo chromic microcytic RBCs and normal - (seen in iron deficiency anaemia during treatment)

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12
Q

What is spherocytosis?

A

protein ankrin or spectrin is deficient

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13
Q

What type of RBCs do G6PD deficiency show?

A

Heinz bodies

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14
Q

What is the role of ferroportin?

A

controls the release of iron from the enterocyte to blood portal

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15
Q

What is the role of ferriductase?

A

converts Fe3+ to Fe2+

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16
Q

What is the role of transferrin?

A

glycoprotein that carries iron

17
Q

What is the role of ferrioxidase?

A

converts Fe2+ to Fe3+

18
Q

In iron deficiency anaemia, would serum ferritin increase or decrease?

A

Increase

19
Q

which cells in the spleen carry out haemolysis?

A

macrophages

20
Q

What can RBCs not produce in PKD?

A

Unable to produce ATP

21
Q

What causes iron deficiency anaemia?

A
  • blood loss, pregnancy, poor diet, malabsorption, trauma
22
Q

What are the three stages of iron deficiency anemia?

A

Early - no anaemia present
Intermittent- normocytic RBCS, ferritin stores depleted
Late stage - hypo-chromic/ microcytic RBCs present

23
Q

What are the lab tests for anaemia?

A
  • full blood count, reticulocyte count, blood smear/ film
24
Q

What controls iron levels?

A

Hepcidin

25
Q

What is pyruvate kinase deficiency?

A

Affects red cell glycolysis

26
Q

What are eliptocytes?

A

Oval to cigar shaped

27
Q

What are schistosytes?

A

Damaged RBCS

28
Q

What are spherocytes?

A

Round cells with no area of central pallor

BLOOD SCIENCES (11 decks)

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