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ROTC 2 > ANACHEM LEC > Flashcards

ANACHEM LEC Flashcards

1
Q

The methods or the techniques for chemical analysis are developed by analytical scientist or analysis to accomplish this task.

A

Analytical Techniques

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2
Q

For choosing suitable techniques, the analyst has to keep in mind the following object:

A
  • Type of samples to be analyzed
  • Information sought
  • Accuracy, sensitivity, and selectivity of the instrument
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3
Q

The performance of an analysis will depend on the following:

A
  • Experience of the analyst
  • Availability of the equipment
  • Preparation of the sample for analysis
  • Time and Cost involved in the analysis
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4
Q

A method to be called an analytical technique should be based on the measurement of a property, which is related to either the nature or the amount of the substance under examination.

A

Classification of Analytical Techniques

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5
Q

The property, which depends on the nature of the substances

A

Qualitative Analysis

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6
Q

The property which depends on the amount of the substances

A

Quantitative Analysis

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7
Q

It is belong to the broad type of analysis called the quantitative analysis

A

Chemical methods of analysis

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8
Q

is an accurate macro-analysis procedure which mainly depends upon precipitation of an iconic or molecular substance based on a chemical reaction.

A

 Gravimetry

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9
Q

also known as volumetric analysis, the amount of the analyte can also be determined by measurement of the volume.

A

 Volumetry

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10
Q

also known as electroanalytical method defined as one, in which an electrochemical property of a solution.

A

Electrical methods of analysis

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11
Q

Analytical method based on the measurement of potential difference across an electrochemical.

A

 Potentiometry

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12
Q

It is generally applied to the detection of equivalence point of titration and method.

A

 Amperometry

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13
Q

its an electroactive species is consumed (oxidized or reduced) only at the surface layer of the indicator electrode in an electrolytic cell.

A

 Voltammetry

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14
Q

based on the measurement of the quantity of electricity are designated.

A

 Coulometry

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15
Q

the measurement of conductance (the reciprocal of the resistance) can sometimes be useful in chemical analysis.

A

 Conductometry and High Frequency Methods

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16
Q

it is called spectroscopic method analysis.

A
  • Optical methods of analysis
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17
Q

– it depends on the electromagnetic radiation produced when the analyte is excited by thermal.

A

 Emission Spectroscopy

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18
Q

 based on the measurement of the absorption of electromagnetic radiation by matter.

A

 Absorption Spectroscopy

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19
Q

– Involve measurement of absorption of ultraviolet and visible radiation.

A

 Ultraviolet and Visible Absorption Spectroscopy

20
Q

involves the absorption of infrared radiation, depending on increasing the energy of vibration or rotation associated with a covalent bond.

A

 Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy

21
Q

The energy of the photons of incident radiation absorbed and changes the absorbing species to excited state.

A

 Fluorophotometry

22
Q

re-emission of radiation can be immediately (< 10-8 sec) after the absorption.

A

 Fluorescence

23
Q

it is where determinations are made by measuring opacity of suspension of small particles.

A

 Turbidimetry and Nephelometry

24
Q

involves the scattering of electromagnetic radiation by a liquid (solution) following Raman effect (scattering with charge of wavelength)

A

 Raman Spectroscopy

25
Q

– Can provide analytical information based on nuclear properties.

A
  • Nuclear radiation methods of analysis
26
Q
  • Nuclear radiation methods of analysis – Can provide analytical information based on nuclear properties.
    Involves:
A

 Radiochemical Methods
 Radiometric Methods
 Isotopic Dilution Methods

 Activation Analysis
 Mossbauer Spectroscopy
 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
 Mass Spectrometry

27
Q

Name of the method

Radiochemical methods

what is the property measured of Radiochemical methods

A

Radioactivity

28
Q

Name of the method

Radiochemical methods

what is the mechanism involved of Radiochemical methods

A

Radioactive disintegration of radioisotopes can be measured with high sensitivity and specificity.

29
Q

Name of the method

Mossbauer spectroscopy

what is the property measured

A

Rasonance absorption of y-rays

30
Q

Name of the method

Mossbauer spectroscopy

what is the mechanism involved?

A

Resonance fluorescence of y-rays and involves intranuclear energy levels

31
Q

Name of the method

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

what is the property measured?

A

position of signals (chemical shift) and their intensity in NMR spectrum

32
Q

Name of the method

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

what is the mechanism involved?

A

Interaction of quantized nuclear spin with an applied magnetic field

33
Q

Name of the method

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

what is the mechanism involved?

A

Mass to change ratio of ionized atoms or molecules

34
Q

Some property of the system is measured as a function or temperature.

A
  • Thermal methods of analysis
35
Q
  • Thermal methods of analysis – Some property of the system is measured as a function or temperature.
    Involves:
A

 Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA)
 Derivative Thermo-Gravimetry (DTG)
 Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA)
 Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DCS)
 Thermometric Enthalpy Titrations (TET)

36
Q

TGA
name of the method

A

Thermogravimetric Analysis

PROPERTY MEASURED
-CHANGE IN WEIGHT

AS A FUNCTION OF
-TEMP.

INSTRUMENT
-THERMOBALANCE

37
Q

DTG
NAME OF THE METHOD

A

DERIVATIVE THERMOGRAVIMETRY

PROPERTY MEASURED
- RATE OF CHANGE IN WEIGHT

AS A FUNCTION OF
- TEMP.

INSTRUMENT
-THERMOBALANCE

38
Q

DTA
NAME OF THE METHOD

A

DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL ANALYSIS

PROPERTY MEASURED
-HEAT ABSORBED OR EVOLVED

AS A FUNCTION OF
- TEMP

INSTRUMENT
- DTA APPARATUS

39
Q

DSC
NAME OF THE METHOD
PROPERTY MEASURED

A

DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY

PROPERTY MEASURED
-THERMAL TRANSITION

AS A FUNCTION OF
- TEMP. CHANGE

INSTRUMENT
- DSC CELL

40
Q

TET
NAME OF THE METHOD

A

THERMOMETRIC ENTHALPY TITRATIONS

PROPERTY MEASURED
- TEMP. CHANGE

AS A FUNCTION OF
-VOLUME OF TITRANT

INSTRUMENT
-TITRATION CALORIMETER

41
Q

Separation methods of analysis
Involves:
is a multistage separation process in which the sample is applied on a stationary phase over which a mobile phase is percolated.

A

 Chromatography

42
Q

Separation methods of analysis
Involves:
A desired solute can be isolated/extracted by distributing it between two immiscible liquids.

A

 Solvent Extraction

43
Q

Separation methods of analysis
Involves:
is a stoichiometric process in which a solid (insoluble) material, known as ion exchanger, meets an electrolyte solution.

A

 Ion Exchanges

44
Q

Separation methods of analysis
Involves:
The movement of charged particles in the influence of an electric field.

A

 Electrophoresis

45
Q

Classical methods

A

 Precipitation
 Distillation
 Sublimation
 Formation of complexes

46
Q

Modern methods

A

 Chromatography
 Solvent Extraction
 Ion Exchanges
 Electrophoresis

ROTC 2 (9 decks)

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