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Bio > Amphibians and Reptiles > Flashcards

Amphibians and Reptiles Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Herpetofauna

A

both amphibians and reptiles

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2
Q

biotic vs. abiotic

A

B- Living
AB- Non-living

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3
Q

Ectothermic

A

outside energy sources to maintain body temp for metabolism and regulatory functions

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4
Q

Tetrapods

A

Snakes, frogs, etc
Snakes have evolutionary lost their legs

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5
Q

Frog explosion

A

Chitrid Fungus

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6
Q

Caecilians

A

legless amphibians

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7
Q

amphibians Evolved from

A

lobe-finned fishes

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8
Q

Lobe-finned fishes

A

Crossopterygians
no gills, primitive lung

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9
Q

345 million years ago

A

Late Devonian Period

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10
Q

Amphibian Characteristics of skin

A

Permeable skin
allows O2 & CO2 transfer
can uptake chemicals in environment

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11
Q

Olfaction

A

Sense of smell
(Amphibians have a good sense of smell)

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12
Q

Torpor

A

a state of dormancy when conditions are unfavorable
(like mammal hibernation)

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13
Q

Cold

A

Hibernation

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14
Q

Hot

A

Estivation

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15
Q

Larvae hearts

A

2-chambered

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16
Q

Adult hearts

A

3-chambered

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17
Q

Identified species #

A

2,375

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18
Q

Anura (Salientia)

A

Frogs and Toads
No tail

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19
Q

Caudata (Urodela)

A

Salamanders
Visible tail

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20
Q

Gymnophiona (Apoda)

A

Caecillians
No legs

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21
Q

Trachystoma

A

Mud eels
Rough mouth

22
Q

Known species of frogs

A

3500

23
Q

Known species of toads

A

300

24
Q

Salamander features

A

only amphibian with tail as an adult

25
Q

Salamander legs

A

forelimbs and hindlimbs = in length

26
Q

Salamander eggs

A

Individual eggs in water/land
NO TADPOLE STAGE –> MINI ADULT

27
Q

Caecilians features

A

TENTACLES- sensory organs
often blind
Body covered by skin and scales

28
Q

Caecilian Reproduction

A

INTERNAL fertilization
LIVE YOUNG

29
Q

Caecilian body

A

30 cm to 1.3 m
head and trunk… NO TAIL
Skin and Scales

30
Q

Trachystoma species

A

3 living species of mud eels or sirens
Eastern United States and Northeastern Mexico

31
Q

True frogs (non suction)

A

Rana

32
Q

Tree frogs (suction)

A

Hyla

33
Q

Frogs changing color

A

Hyla versicolor

34
Q

Paratoid clands

A

secrete toxins

35
Q

Plethodontid Salamanders

A

Lungless
Breathe through skin

36
Q

Ambystomatid Salamandars

A

lungs
aerobic respiration
Mole Salamanders

37
Q

Hellbender Salamanders

A

Grow to 2ft in USA
Hidden gills
5ft in Japan

38
Q

anamniotic eggs

A

no shells: gelatinous layers

39
Q

stream breeding

A

breeding, larvae, and occasional foragign

40
Q

wetland breeding

A

breeding, larval periods, upland

41
Q

terrestrial breeding

A

no water for reproduction
no larval stage

42
Q

Defense:

A

toxins
large # of offspring
noisy squawks when attacked
adaptations to cold

43
Q

Frog spine vertebrae

A

nine

44
Q

cervical vertebra

A

end of the spine and allows neck movement

45
Q

Posterior to cervical are…

A

7 trunk vertebrae

46
Q

posterior to trunk vertebrae…

A

a single sacral vertebrae that supports hind legs

47
Q

extends from the sacral vertebra

A

slim bone urostyle

48
Q

Pectoral girdle

A

form the shoulders connect to front legs

49
Q

True or False:
frogs have ribs

A

false

50
Q

Maxillary teeth

A

line the perimeter of the
UPPER JAW

51
Q

Two patches of vomerine teeth

A

Project from bones on ROOF of mouth

Bio (7 decks)

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