Amount of substance Flashcards
What is atom economy?
measurement of the % of atoms used in a reaction which are found in the desired product - higher = less waste
How to calculate atom economy
(Mr of desired product/Mr of all products) x100
How to improve atom economy
sell by-products
What are the advantages of a high atom economy?
- costs less
- better for environment, more sustainable
What does percentage yield tell us?
the % molar conversion of reactants to products
Why is % yield normally less than 100%?
- incomplete reaction
- side reactions
- loss of product during washing
- loss of product during transferring equipment
How to calculate % yield
(actual yield/theoretical yield) x 100
How to calculate % purity
(actual mass/impure mass) x100
What is empirical formula?
the simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound
What is molecular formula?
the number and type of atoms of each element in a molecule
What does anhydrous mean?
contains no molecules of water of crystallisation
What does hydrated mean?
contains molecules of water of crystallisation
What is water of crystallisation?
.xH2O part of the formula of a hydrated salt
