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Chem > Acids & Alkalis > Flashcards

Acids & Alkalis Flashcards

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1
Q

Definition of acid

A

Substance that releases H+ ions in aqueous solution

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2
Q

Strong acid definition

A

Completely dissociates when dissolved in water

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3
Q

Weak acid definition

A

Only partially dissociates when dissolved in water, giving an equilibrium mixture

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4
Q

Write an equation for the dissociation of phosphoric acid

A

H3PO4 —> PO43- + 3H+

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5
Q

Definition of a base

A

A substance which neutralises acids (accepts proton)

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6
Q

Definition of an alkali

A

A soluble base that releases OH- ions in aqueous solution

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7
Q

Do (soluble) metal oxides react with water or dissociate to form hydroxide ions?

A

They react with water forming hydroxide ions

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8
Q

Do hydroxides react with water or dissociate to form hydroxide ions?

A

They dissociate

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9
Q

Write the equation for sodium oxide reacting with water to produce OH- ions

A

Na2O (s) + H2O (l) —> 2Na+ (aq) + 2OH- (aq)

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10
Q

Write the equation for sodium hydroxide dissociating to produce OH- ions

A

NaOH (aq) —> Na+ (aq) + OH- (aq)

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11
Q

Does ammonia react with water or dissociate to produce hydroxide ions?

A

It reacts with water to form ammonium ions and hydroxide ions

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12
Q

Write the equation for ammonia reacting with water to produce OH- ions

A

NH3 (aq) + H2O (l) <—> NH4+ (aq) + OH- (aq)

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13
Q

Definition of salt

A

A chemical compound formed from the reaction of an acid and a base, with all or part of the hydrogen of the acid replaced by a metal or other cation

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14
Q

Acid + base —>

A

Salt + water

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15
Q

Acid + alkali —>

A

Salt + water

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16
Q

Acid + carbonate —>

A

Salt + carbon dioxide + water

17
Q

Acid + ammonia —>

A

Ammonium salt

18
Q

Soluble salts dissolve in water to form _______ ions

A

Aqueous

19
Q

How to write an ionic equation

A
  • write full balanced equation with state symbols
  • separate anything that is aqueous into its ions
  • cancel out anything that appears on both sides of equation
  • write remaining ionic equation
20
Q

How to write an ionic equation for a precipitate reaction

A
  • only product is precipitate
  • only reactants are two aqueous ions that make the precipitate
  • don’t have to write out ions and cancel out

Chem (6 decks)

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