Amount of Substance Flashcards
Define Relative Molecular Mass
Average mass of the naturally occurring isotopes of a compound, compared to ¹/₁₂ mass of an atom of carbon-12 (C¹²)
Define Relative Atomic Mass
Average mass of the naturally occurring isotopes of an atom, compared to ¹/₁₂ mass of an atom of carbon-12 (C¹²)
Define the Avogadro constant.
Number of particles/atoms/ions in one mole of a substance
Write the equation that links mass of 1 mol, mass of 1 atom and Avogadro constant
Mass of 1 mol = mass of 1 atom/molecule X Avogadro constant
Define percentage yield.
The % of a product produced by a reaction, compared to a theoretical maximum
How would you calculate percentage yield?
(Actual yield ÷ Theoretical Yield) * 100
What can the percentage yield of a practical be used to investigate?
Efficiency of practical techniques and whether reactions proceed as estimated
Define atom economy.
% of amount of reactants made into a certain (useful) product
How would you calculate atom economy?
Mr of atoms of useful product ÷ Mr of atoms of reactants
What can the atom economy of a reaction be used to investigate?
Efficiency of using a specific reaction to produce a product
Write the Ideal Gas Equation
PV = nRT
Pressure × volume = number of moles × gas constant × temperature
Pressure in Pa, volume in m³, temperature in K, R=8.31
What are standard conditions?
25°C/298K
1atm/100kPa
How do you convert between K and C temperatures?
°C to K + 273
K to °C - 273
Define empirical formula
Simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound
What is the equation that links mols, concentration and volume?
Moles = concentration × volume
