Amoebiasis

Question 1

What is the causative organism for amoebiasis?

Answer 1

Entamoeba histolytica

Question 2

How to do you get infected with entamoeba histolytica?

Answer 2

Contaminated water/food

Sexual conduct with faeces

Question 3

What is the pathogenesis of amoebiasis?

Answer 3

Cysts turn into trophozoites that reproduce in the large intestine causing flask shaped ulcers. Can spread in blood and lymph.
Encyst and cysts released in faeces

Question 4

What are the syndromes of amoebiasis?

Answer 4

Asymptomatic
Intestinal amoebiasis
Extra-intestinal amoebiasis

Question 5

What are the symptoms of intestinal amoebiasis?

Answer 5

Mild: loose stools
Mod: vomiting, tenesmus, bloody diarrhoea, fever
Sev: fulminating necrotising colitis

Question 6

What are the complications of intestinal amoebiasis?

Answer 6

Peritonitis
Haemorrhage
Obstruction from amoeboma
Stricture
UC
Perianal skin ulcers

Question 7

What are the features of extraintestinal amoebiasis?

Answer 7

Liver abscess
Pleural effusion
Lung abscess

Question 8

How do you diagnose amoebiasis?

Answer 8

Stool microscopy for cysts and trophozoites
Blood antibody
Stool antigen
PCR
USS/CT/ colonoscopy
Serology negative in abdo

Question 9

How do you treat amoebiasis?

Answer 9

Is asymptomatic only treat in non-endemic: paromomycin/diloxanide

Invasive amoebiasis: metronidazole(trophozoites) then paromomycin(cysts)

Question 10

What do entamoeba histolytica cysts and trophozoites look like?

Answer 10

Cysts
10-15mircom, 1-4 nuclei
Trophozoites
15-20microm, 1 nuclei with groundglass cytoplasm

Question 11

What do entamoeba Hartmanni cysts and trophozoites look like?

Answer 11

Cysts
5-10mircom, 1-4 nuclei
Trophozoites
5-15 microm, smooth cytoplasm

Question 12

What do entamoeba coli cysts and trophozoites look like?

Answer 12

Cysts
10-35microm, 1-8 nuclei
Trophozoites
15-50microm, 1 large nuclei, sometimes vacuole

Question 13

What do entamoeba polecki look like?

Answer 13

Cysts
9-25microm, 1 large nuclei, numerous chromatid bodies, pleomorphic karysome
Trophozoites
10-25mircom, tiny karyosome

Question 14

What does endolimax nana look like?

Answer 14

Cysts
5-10microm, 4 tiny nuclei
Trophozoites
6-12mirco,, 1 nuclei with very large karyosome

Question 15

What does iodamoeba buetschlii look like?

Answer 15

Cysts
5-20mircom, 1 small nuclei with large vacuole
Trophozoites
8-20microm, 1 nuclei with large karyosome and vacuole