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Firearms Identification > Ammunition (Exam 2) > Flashcards

Ammunition (Exam 2) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference between fire and explosion?

A

Explosion happens suddenly as a result of the rapid expansion of gases

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2
Q

Define oxidizing agent.

A

Substance that supplies oxygen to a chemical reaction

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3
Q

Describe the velocity of detonation of high explosives.

A

Higher than 1000 meters per second

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4
Q

Describe the velocity of detonation of low explosives.

A

Less than 1000 meters per second

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5
Q

What is the difference between primary and secondary explosives?

A

A primary explosive is a high explosive easily detonated by heat or shock while a secondary explosive is normally detonated by the primary

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6
Q

Are most military-grade explosives primary or secondary?

A

Secondary

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7
Q

Define speed of deflagration.

A

Rate at which low explosive burns

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8
Q

Define speed of detonation.

A

Rate at which high explosive burns

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9
Q

Generally, how do black and smokeless powder differ (HINT: list 3 traits for both)?

A

1) BP - old, pro-corrosion, slower burn rate
2) SP - newer, anti-corrosion, faster burn rate

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10
Q

What is the composition of black powder (HINT: 3 ingredients)?

A

75% potassium nitrate
15% charcoal
10% sulfur

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11
Q

Single base smokeless powder contains only nitrocellulose while double base smokeless powder contains nitrocellulose and…

A

Nitroglycerin

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12
Q

What 3 factors affect the burn rate of gunpowder?

A

1) Coating/chemical makeup
2) Size
3) Surface area

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13
Q

What exactly does cordite contain (HINT: 4 ingredients)?

A

1) Acetone
2) Nitrocellulose
3) Nitroglycerin
4) Petroleum jelly

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14
Q

What is a muzzleloader?

A

Any firearm loaded from the muzzle

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15
Q

While the rimfire system is still used today, it is not good for larger…

A

Calibers

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16
Q

What 4 things does a cartridge usually consist of?

A

1) Case
2) Primer
3) Bullet
4) Gunpowder

17
Q

The centerfire system is still popular today. What are the 2 different priming systems developed for it?

A

Berdan and Boxer

18
Q

Berdan primers were designed in the US but more popular in…

A

Europe

19
Q

Boxer primers were designed in Europe but more popular in…

A

US

20
Q

In what 3 ways do Berdan and Boxers primers differ (HINT: holes, anvil, reload)?

A

Berdan - 2 or more flash holes, anvil in case head, harder to reload

Boxer - 1 flash hole, anvil is part of primer, easier to reload

21
Q

What does nominal caliber refer to?

A

Approximate diameter of rifle grooves i.e. diameter

22
Q

What does specific caliber refer to?

A

Named cartridge size depending on ammo size for a specific firearm i.e. length AND diameter

23
Q

Define cannelure.

A

Groove around the circumference of a bullet or cartridge case

24
Q

What are 2 purposes of a cannelure?

A

1) Manufacturer ID
2) Hold lubrication

25
Q

What is the difference between full metal jackets (FMJ) and hollow point (HP) bullets?

A

FMJs have a closed lead nose to keep kinetic energy while HPs have an open lead nose and lose kinetic energy

26
Q

Define gauge.

A

Measurement used to describe the size of the smooth shotgun bore

27
Q

What is the correlation between bore size and gauge number?

A

Lower gauge number = High bore size

28
Q

What is the difference between buckshot and birdshot?

A

Buckshot is for large animals while birdshot is for smaller animals

29
Q

What is the purpose of a shotgun choke?

A

Narrows shotgun spread

30
Q

What is a dram used for?

A

Old unit of measurement for black powder

31
Q

In terms of composition, what is the difference between shot and chill shot?

A

Shot - lead
Chill shot - lead AND antimony

32
Q

A duplex load refers to there being either…

A

2 combined projectiles or charges

33
Q

What makes up the projectile combination of a duplex load?

A

Bird and buckshot

34
Q

What makes up the charge combination of a duplex load?

A

Black and smokeless powder

35
Q

What did the North Hollywood Shootout result in (HINT: 2 firearms)?

A

10mm and then the 40 Smith and Wesson

Firearms Identification (19 decks)

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