🥼 amino acids & proteins Flashcards
What is an L-amino acid?
Isomer of amino acid which proteins contain, where the amine group is on the left.
What is a D-amino acid?
Isomer of amino acid in bacterial cell walls, where the amine group is on the right.
Which are the aliphatic amino acids?
Have an alkane R group.
- glycine
- alanine
- caline
- leucine
- isoleucine
- proline
Which are the hydroxyl amino acids?
Have an OH in the R group.
- serine
- threonine
- tyrosine
Which are the sulfur amino acids?
Have sulfur in the R group.
- cysteine
- methionine
Which are the aromatic amino acids?
Have an aromatic ring.
- phenylalanine
- tyrosine
- tryptophan
- histidine
Which are the acidic amino acids and corresponding neutral amides?
- aspartic acid
- asparagine
- glutamic acid
- glutamine
Which are the basic amino acids?
- arginine
- histidine
- lysine
Which are the imino amino acids?
Nonpolar neutral nonessential.
- proline
Which are the neutral amino acids?
R group does not ionise.
Gly, Ser, Phe, Ala, Thr, Trp, Val, Met, Asn, Leu, Pro, Gln, Ile
Which are the basic amino acids?
R group can be ionised.
Lys (strong)
Arg (strong)
His (weak)
Which are the acidic amino acids?
R group can be ionised.
Asp (strong)
Glu (strong)
Cys (weak)
Tyr (weak)
What is electronegativity?
The power of an atom to attract electrons towards itself.
Which are the polar amino acids?
+ve or -ve partial charges in R group → hydrophilic.
charged: Lys, Arg, His, Asp, Glu
uncharged: Asn, Gln, Ser, Thr, Tyr, Cys
Which are the non-polar amino acids?
Nonpolar C-C & C-H bonds → hydrophobic.
Gly, Ala, Val, Leu, Ile, Met, Phe, Trp, Pro
draw the general structure of an amino acid
draw peptide bond formation
