Amino Acids I Flashcards
Proteins in our body are made of what
They are made of building blocks called amino acids (look over the structure)
What is a carbon and what is it and why
A carbon is the one thats bond to a carboxyl group and an amide group which is central. It is assymetrical because it has 4 diff groups attached to it
What are the D and L form of amino acids
Amino acids exist as D and L form. The D form has a R group on the right and L has it on the left which is mostly present in humans.
Whats the ph at physiological ph of amino group n carboxyl group
9.4 ( basic ) and 2.2 ( acidic )
What do amino acids exist as and what are they
They exist as lsomers and there are stereoisomers and struchuel isomers. The stereo isomers have different 3d struchues but same structural formula
What are the roles of R group in amino acids
Amino acids are classified according to the R group.
They play an imp role in protein folding by interacting with neighbouring molecules which involves hydrophobic or philic molecules that allows them to either be on top of membrane bound proteins which is hydrophobic or soluble proteins which is hydrophilic.
They also can be protonated or deprotonated that can allow the enzymes to lose shape denature or etc
What are the 20 amino acids with their short forms
Ala which is alanine Arg which is arginine Asn for aspargine Asp for aspartic acid Cys for cysteine Glu for glutamic aid Gln for glutamine Gly for glycine His for histidine Ile for isoleucine Leu for leucine Lys for lysine Met for methionine Phe for phenylalanine Pro for proline Ser for serine Thr for threonine Try for tryptophan Val for valine.
What are the essential amino acids and why
These cant be made in the body therefore needed from the diet. They are (PVT TIM HALLS)
Phenyalanine, valine, threonine, tryptophan, isoleucine, methionine, histidine, arginine, leucine, lysine
What are primary amino acids
They are the ones that have central carbon bonded to amino group and carboxyl group.
What are secondary amino acids
The have the amino group attached to two groups that could be curving back from the central carbon. For example proline.
Whats proline for
Its for stabalising the collagen by twisting the structure and also disrupts the a helices structure in globular proteins
What are the branched chain amino acids and what can they cause
Valine, leucine and isoleucine. Less metabolism of theirs could lead to maple syrup urine disease
Where does n linked glycosylation happen and where o in proteins and whats this glycosylation.
Glycosylation is a post translational modification. N lincked is for asp and o linked for serine and threonine.
What amino acids have sulfur
Met and cys do however for cys its much more imp because cys sulfur and form disulfice bridge with another sys sulfur. This holds the protein and stabalises it.
What are the aromaticamino acids and what are they used for.
They are phe, tyr, try.. they have a benzene ring and are used to measure and locate proteins. They also absorb uv light of 280nm.
