Amino Acids and Buffering Flashcards
CO2 is the greatest source of acid from metabolism and is neutralized by HCO3- produced by the _____, which is converted back to CO2 in the _____ and exhaled.
Kidneys
Lungs
Normal blood concentration of H+ is about ___nM, and normal pH is between ____ and ____. pH values compatible with life are between ___ and ___. Around pH 7, a change of 0.3 represents about a __ fold change in [H+].
40nM
- 37
- 42
- 8
- 8
2
Ionizable ____ acids can act as buffers inside cells, and _____ (H3PO4) can do the same –> Loss or gain of the ____ proton is the most relevant intracellular buffer.
Amino acids
Phosphoric acid
Second
How is the henderson-hasslebach equation for determining blood pH set up?
pH = 6.1 + log [bicabonate]/[0.03 x pCO2]
How is the henderson equation set up?
[H+] = 23.9 x (pCO2/[HCO3-])
Acidemia is consider to be a blood pH < _____, and alkalemia is considered to be a blood pH > ____.
- 35
7. 45
What’s significant about the location of ion channels in the kidney cells with respect to blood and urine pH?
HCO3- channels are located on the side interacting with blood, while H+ channels are on the urine side.
______ compensation acts in minutes to hours, and is triggered by recognition of changes in pCO2 and pH by the _____ center in the medulla oblongata. The kidney takes much longer to compensate.
Respiratory
Respiratory
Acidosis or alkalosis is considered ______ in nature if the state is brought on by changes in kidney function/ [HCO3-]. They are considered _____ in nature if the state is brought on by changes in pCO2. Think about which system will act to compensate in each case.
Metabolic
Respiratory
The normal range for pCO2 is ____ to ____ (average is 40mm HG), and the normal range for [HCO3-] is ____ to _____ (average is 24mM). Remember that Acidosis or Alkylosis is deviation from the RANGE, not the mean value.
35-45 mm HG
22-26 mM
Hb can function as a buffer in the blood. The ________ on its imidazole side chain can accept and release H+.
Histidine’s
