Amino Acids

Question 1

Amino acids with a charged side chain

Answer 1

1. Lysine
2. Arginine
3. Histidine
4. Aspartate
5. Glutamate

Question 2

Histidine

Answer 2

May be positively charged or neutral depending on the environment.

Question 3

Arginine and lysine

Answer 3

Have +ve charged side chains

Question 4

Aspartate and glutamate

Answer 4

Have -ve charged side groups.

Question 5

Aspartate and glutamate are acidic in nature because they have a negative charge on the carboxylic acid functional group.

Answer 5

True true related

Question 6

Methionine

Answer 6

Prevents fatty infiltration of the liver

Question 7

Methionine

Answer 7

It prevents fatty acid infiltration into the liver

Question 8

Cysteine and methylcysteine

Answer 8

Play a major role in wound healing

Question 9

Acetylcysteine

Answer 9

Used as a mucolytic

Question 10

Acetylcysteine and methionine

Answer 10

Used as an antidote to treat paracetamol poisoning

Question 11

5 hydroxyproline

Answer 11

1.A derivative of proline
2. Found in plant cell walls and collagen

Question 12

5 hydroxylysine

Answer 12

1. Derivative of lysine
2. Found un collagen

Question 13

6-N methyllysine

Answer 13

1. Derivative of myosin

Question 14

Carboxyglutamate

Answer 14

Found in prothrombin

Question 15

Desmosine

Answer 15

Derived from 4 lysine residues found in the fibrous protein elastin

Question 16

Selnocysteine

Answer 16

1. Derived from serine
2. Contains selenium

Question 17

Citrulline and ornithine

Answer 17

Play an important role in the biosynthesis of arginine and the urea cycle

Question 18

When the NH3 group is projected to the right, the amino acid has

Answer 18

D configuration

Question 19

When the amino group is projected to the left, the amino acid has

Answer 19

An L configuration

Question 20

All amino acids of animal proteins are of L configuration

Answer 20

True

Question 21

D- alanine and D glutamic acid occur

Answer 21

In bacterial cell wall

Question 22

D-alanine , D glutamic acid, and D ornithine are found in

Answer 22

Bacitracin

Question 23

Polymyxins contain

Answer 23

D phenylalanine

Question 24

Glycine, aspartic and glutamic acids

Answer 24

Serve as neurotransmitters

Question 25

Glycine

Answer 25

Sometimes, combined with antacids to treat gastric irritation due to the buffering activity of the amino group

Question 26

Carnosine

Answer 26

B alanine + histidine

Question 27

Anserine

Answer 27

B alanine + 1 methylhistidine

Question 28

B alanine

Answer 28

Is not found in proteins

Question 29

Valine, leucine and isoleucine

Answer 29

Are essential amino acids that must be taken in diet

Question 30

Valine leucine and isoleucine

Answer 30

Are also known as the branched chain amino acids

Question 31

Proline

Answer 31

The side chain is bonded to the amino group, and the a carbon to form cyclo pente ring

Question 32

Tyrosine and tryptophan are more polar than phenylalanine

Answer 32

Because of the hydroxy group in tyrosine and the N in tryptophan

Question 33

Catecholamines are formed from dihydrophenylalanine( DOPA)

Answer 33

Egs Noradrenaline Adrenaline

Question 34

Serotonin syndrome

Answer 34

This is where taking a certain medication leads to the build-up of serotonin in the body. This can cause diarrhoea, fever, and muscle rigidity

Question 35

Serotonylation

Answer 35

This is where serotonin forms long-lasting covalent bonds with their protein substrates

Question 36

Lysine

Answer 36

Us3d as an adjunct to mercurial diuretics in the treatment of fluid retention

Question 37

Methionine

Answer 37

It acts as a methyl donor in rnxs

Question 38

Demethylated methionine produces

Answer 38

Homocysteine

Question 39

Methionine has a lipotropic action

Answer 39

Prevents fatty infiltration into the liver

Question 40

4- hydroxyproline

Answer 40

A derivative of proline in plant cell wall and collagen

Question 41

5 hydroxylysine

Answer 41

Derived from lysine - in collagen

Question 42

The charge of a peptide bond is not from the peptide bond but from

Answer 42

A. The free carboxylic group B. The free amino group C. Any ionised group in the side chain

Question 43

Glutathione

Answer 43

1. Glutamic acid 2. Glycine 3. Cysteine

Question 44

Oxidised glutathione

Answer 44

It is formed when two glutathione units join at their SH groups

Question 45

Proteins are

Answer 45

Linear polymers of monomeric units called amino acids

Question 46

Protective role of proteins

Answer 46

Immunoglobulin and interferon act against viral or bacterial infection

Question 47

Primary structure of proteins

Answer 47

This is the sequence of amino acids in the protein

Question 48

Examples of proteins containing alpha helices include

Answer 48

Keratins in the hair, skin, and porcupine quills

Question 49

B turns

Answer 49

Like successive runs of alpha helices or beta conformation

Question 50

Alpha keratin and beta keratin

Answer 50

Alpha keratin- mammals Beta keratin - birds and reptiles

Question 51

Keratin

Answer 51

Consists of 2 alpha helices that have been wounded together to form a 2 two chain coiled coil

Question 52

Haemoglobin variants

Answer 52

May function normally or abnormally depending on the nature and position of substitution.

Question 53

Hydroxyurea

Answer 53

An antitumor that can relieve pain

Question 54

Deposits of misfolded proteind

Answer 54

Amyloidosed

Question 55

Transthyretin

Answer 55

Carries thyroxine and vitamin A to different parts of the body.

Question 56

IgM

Answer 56

Pentamer

Question 57

Hbs and HbC

Answer 57

Are caused by production of mutated hb

Question 58

Thalassemia

Answer 58

Occurs due to the production of insufficient amounts of normal haemoglobin.