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BioChem 1st Shifting > Amino Acids > Flashcards

Amino Acids Flashcards

1
Q

What functional groups are present in amino acids?

A

Amino group and carboxyl group bonded to the a-carbon

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2
Q

a portion of an amino acid that determines its identity

A

Side chain

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3
Q

-NH2 functional group

A

Amino group

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4
Q

-COOH functional group that disassociates to give the carboxylate anion, -coo-, and a hydrogen ion

A

Carboxyl group

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5
Q

molecules that differ from each other only in their configuration

A

Stereoisomers

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6
Q

What is the configuration of the vast majority of a-amino acids?

A

L-configuration at the a-carbon

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7
Q

What is the usual form of proline?

A

L form

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8
Q

What is the three-letter abbreviation and one-letter abbreviation of alanine?

A

Ala, A

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9
Q

What is the three-letter abbreviation and one-letter abbreviation of arginine?

A

Arg, R

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10
Q

What is the three-letter abbreviation and one-letter abbreviation of asparagine?

A

Asn, N

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11
Q

What is the three-letter abbreviation and one-letter abbreviation of aspartic acid?

A

Asp, D

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12
Q

What is the three-letter abbreviation and one-letter abbreviation of cysteine?

A

Cys, C

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13
Q

What is the three-letter abbreviation and one-letter abbreviation of glutamic acid?

A

Glu, E

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14
Q

What is the three-letter abbreviation and one-letter abbreviation of glutamine?

A

Gln, Q

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15
Q

What is the three-letter abbreviation and one-letter abbreviation of histidine?

A

His, H

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16
Q

What is the three-letter abbreviation and one-letter abbreviation of glycine?

A

Gly, G

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17
Q

What is the three-letter abbreviation and one-letter abbreviation of isoleucine?

A

Ile, I

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18
Q

What is the three-letter abbreviation and one-letter abbreviation of leucine?

A

Leu, L

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19
Q

What is the three-letter abbreviation and one-letter abbreviation of lysine?

A

Lys, K

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20
Q

What is the three-letter abbreviation and one-letter abbreviation of methionine?

A

Met, M

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21
Q

What is the three-letter abbreviation and one-letter abbreviation of phenylalanine?

A

Phe, F

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22
Q

What is the three-letter abbreviation and one-letter abbreviation of proline?

A

Pro, P

23
Q

What is the three-letter abbreviation and one-letter abbreviation of serine?

A

Ser, S

24
Q

What is the three-letter abbreviation and one-letter abbreviation of threonine?

A

Thr, T

25
Q

What is the three-letter abbreviation and one-letter abbreviation of tryptophan?

A

Trp, W

26
Q

What is the three-letter abbreviation and one-letter abbreviation of tyrosine?

A

Tyr, Y

27
Q

What is the three-letter abbreviation and one-letter abbreviation of valine?

A

Val, V

28
Q

What are the 9 nonpolar amino acids?

A

Glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, proline, phenylalanine, tryptophan, and methionine

29
Q

Which amino acids contain aliphatic hydrocarbon group?

A

alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine

30
Q

Which amino acid has an aliphatic cyclic structure?

A

Proline

31
Q

Which amino acid has a hydrocarbon group that is aromatic?

A

Phenylalanine

32
Q

Which amino acid has a side chain that contains an aromatic indole ring?

A

Tryptophan

33
Q

Which amino acid has a side chain that contains a sulfur atom addition to aliphatic hydrocarbon groupings?

A

Methionine

34
Q

What are the 6 polar-neutral amino acids?

A

Serine, threonine, tyrosine, cysteine, glutamine, and asparagine

35
Q

Which two amino acids have a polar group (-OH) bonded to aliphatic hydrocarbon groups?

A

Serine and threonine

36
Q

Which amino acid has a hydroxyl group (phenol) that is bonded to an aromatic hydrocarbon group?

A

Tyrosine

37
Q

Which amino acid has a polar side chain that contains a thiol group (SH)?

A

Cysteine

38
Q

Which two amino acids contain amide groups in their side chains?

A

Glutamine and asaparagine

39
Q

What are the two acidic amino acids?

A

glutamic acid and aspartic acid

40
Q

_____ can lose a proton, forming carboxylate anions

A

carboxyl group

41
Q

Side chains of acidic amino acids are _____ charged at _____ pH

A

negatively, neutral

42
Q

the average pKa of a-carboxyl group

A

2.19

43
Q

Greater acidity is due to _____

A

the electron-withdrawing inductive effect of the -NH3+ group

44
Q

What is the pKa of secondary alkylammonium ion?

A

10.76

45
Q

Average value of pKa of an a-NH3+ group

A

9.47

46
Q

What are the 3 basic amino acids?

A

Histidine, lysine, arginine

47
Q

Side chains of basic amino acids are _____ charged at _____ pH

A

positively, near neutral pH 7

48
Q

Which amino acid has a side chain attached to an aliphatic hydrocarbon chain?

A

lysine

49
Q

Which amino acid has a side chain that is a guanidino group bonded to an aliphatic hydrocarbon chain?

A

arginine

50
Q

Side chains of arginine that is a considerably stronger base than an aliphatic amine

A

guanidine

51
Q

Basicity of the guanidino group is attributed to _____

A

the large resonance stabilization of the protonated form relative to the neutral form

52
Q

Side chain of histidine is a heterocyclic aromatic amine

A

Imidazole group

53
Q

Ratio of uncharged to charged side chains at pH 7.0

A

10:1 because the pH is one unit higher than the pKa

BioChem 1st Shifting (7 decks)

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