Amino Acid & Proteins Flashcards
Amino Acids
20 monomers–> combine to produce polypeptide chains
Proteins
Folded polypeptides
What is the name of the monomer used to build proteins?
Amino Acids
How many amino acids are there?
20 building blocks of protein
Besides building muscle, list 4 other important roles of proteins (7 in total)
Framework support, infection fighters, messengers, transport, cellular markers, catalyst, and movement
Describe the terms ‘essential’ and ‘non-essential’
Essential amino acids must be obtained in the diet whereas non essential amino acid can be synthesized in the body.
Essential amino acids
8-9 amino acids must be acquired from our diet
What types of foods should be eaten to get a complete set of amino acids in your diet, if you’re an omnivore?
Sources of all 20 amino acids such as meat
What types of foods should be eaten to get a complete set of amino acids in your diet, if you’re a vegan?
Combinations of foods are required to obtain adequate amounts of essential amino acids
Name the 4 degrees of folding in proteins
Primary Structure
Secondary Structure
Tertiary Structure
Quaternary Structure
Primary Structure
The amino acid sequence in a polypeptide chain
Secondary Structure
Local interactions between stretches of a polypeptide chain and includes a-helix and B-pleated sheet structures.
Tertiary Structure
The overall three dimension folding driven largely by interactions between R groups
Quaternary Structure
The orientation and arrangement of subunits in a multi-subunit protein
Protein Prosthetic Group
Some proteins require non-protein components to fold and function properly
- ie. metal ions such as
chlorophyll and hemoglobin
