Amines Flashcards
How are amines classified?
Primary secondary or tertiary
How do you name primary amines?
Alkyl-amine
How do you name a secondary amine?
N- alkyl amine
How do you name a tertiary amine?
N, N alkyleamine
How can aromatic amines be prepared from nitrobenzene? What reaction is this?
Reduction
Tin, conc. Hcl and heat reflux
What is a use of aromatic amine?
Used in the manufacture of dyes
What is the general formula of aliphatic amines?
CnH2n+1 N
State two ways that primary aliphatic amines can be prepared
Nucleophilic substitution with halogenoalkanes
Reduction of nitriles
What are the reagents and conditons for nucleophilic substitution with ammonia and halogenoalkanes?
Excess ammonia in ethanol
Heat
What are the reagents and conditions for the reduction of Nitriles to produce primary amines?
Nickel catalyst, H2
High temp and pressure
What is a base?
A sunstance that accepts H+ ions
Why can ammonia and amines act as bases?
Because the Nitrogen atom has a lone pair of electrons that readily accepts a H+ ion/ proton
What happens when amines are reacted with acids?
They dissolve in the acid to produce an alkyl ammonium salt
What hapens when an alkali is added after an amine ahs reacted with acid?
The amine is reformed, and produces the orginional salt and water
Which are the strongest/weakest bases between amines, aromatic amines and ammonia?
Amines are the strongest
Then ammonia
Then aromatic amines