Amines

Question 1

what are amines?

Answer 1

organic molecules that are derived from ammonia, where a carbon chain has replaced one or more of the hydrogen atoms these are called aliphatic amines

Question 2

What happens if a ring replaces the hydrogen in amines?

Answer 2

these are called alicyclic amines.

Question 3

What happens if the ring that replaces the hydrogen in amines is a benzene?

Answer 3

the amine is an aromatic amine.

Question 4

What is the simplest aliphatic amine?

Answer 4

CH3NH2

Question 5

What is the simplest aromatic amine?

Answer 5

C6H5NH2

Question 6

how do we classify amines?

Answer 6

as primary, secondary or tertiary, depending on the number of alkyl or aryl groups attached to the nitrogen atom

Question 7

What is an example of a primary amine?

Answer 7

CH3NH2

Question 8

What is an example of a secondary amine?

Answer 8

(CH3)2NH

Question 9

What is an example of a tertiary amine?

Answer 9

(CH3)3N

Question 10

what suffix do primary amines where the NH2 is at the end of the molecule use?

Answer 10

amine

Question 11

what prefix is used when the amine group is on any other carbon?

Answer 11

amino

Question 12

in secondary and tertiary amines, what prefixes are helpful?

Answer 12

di,tri

Question 13

what can of amines in a ring be called?

Answer 13

phenyl amine or aminobenzene

Question 14

What are amines in terms of reactions?

Answer 14

weak bases; the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom is a proton acceptor

Question 15

What do haloalkanes react with to make primary amines?

Answer 15

excess ammonia- Ammonia has a lone pair on the nitrogen that acts as a nucleophile, a substitution reaction takes place

Question 16

what does the first step and second step of haloalkanes reacting with excess ammonia form?

Answer 16

first step forms an alkyl-ammonium salt, and the second step forms the amine.

Question 17

What is excess ammonia used to prevent?

Answer 17

further substitution of the amine group that forms- Ethylamine could further react with chloroethane to make diethylamine or even then triethylamine. The preparation of pure primary amines is difficult for this reason.

Question 18

What is ethanol solvent used to do when haloalkanes react with excess ammonia?

Answer 18

to aid solubility and to prevent the haloalkane reacting with water to make an alcohol.

Question 19

what can primary aliphatic amines means also be formed from?

Answer 19

reduction of nitriles

Question 20

How have aromatic amines been made?

Answer 20

by the reduction of aromatic nitro compounds such as nitrobenzene

Question 21

Why is will chlorobenzene not react with ammonia to give phenylamine?

Answer 21

because the benzene ring cannot be attacked by nucleophiles

Question 22

What are the reagents for the preparation of aromatic arenes by the reduction or nitrobenzene?

Answer 22

-tin and conc HCl
-Excess NaOH is then added to neutralise the acid and concert the NH3+ group into the –NH2 group