amines

Question 1

what causes amines to form alkaline solutions

Answer 1

lone pair on the nitrogen

Question 2

suggest why dibutylamine (secondary amine) is more alkaline than butylamine (primary amine) in solution

Answer 2

dibutylamine has more alkyl groups; which donate electron density to N; so it more readily accepts a proton

Question 3

suggest why phenylamine is less alkaline than butylamine in solution

Answer 3

lone pair on N drawn into the benzene ring; N less able to accept protons

Question 4

what is condensation polymerisation

Answer 4

reaction that produces a polymer chain along with a small molecule

Question 5

what is a zwitterion

Answer 5

ion with both a positive and negative charge

Question 6

explain why amino acids have high melting temperatures

Answer 6

high energy to break strong ionic bonding between different zwitterions

Question 7

a solution of hydrolysed protein contains amino acids from the protein; state how you would use chromatography, along with known samples of amino acids, to identify the amino acids in the protein

Answer 7

spot the hydrolysed protein and known amino acids on a paper chromatogram; run in suitable solvent; spray with ninhydrin; protein and amino acid spots should correspond

Question 8

what is an amide group

Answer 8

carbonyl C single bonded to N

Question 9

how to turn a nitro group into an amine group

Answer 9

reduce with Sn and conc HCl

Question 10

in solution, what changes the ion formed by an amino acid

Answer 10

ion changes to balance out pH