American Revolution

Question 1

French and Indian war- causes need to raise taxes

Answer 1

A war between the British and the French over the colonies

England felt like they fought the war for the colonists so they should pay back our debts

Question 2

Proclamation act of 1763

Answer 2

Drew a line from N to S along the Appalachian mountains. The colonists couldn’t settle west of line without the governments permission

Question 3

Admiralty courts

Answer 3

Run by naval officers for navy members
removes right to trial by jury
British were worried about pro-smuggling colonists sympathize in courts
100,000 new soldiers in colonies for custom duties

Question 4

Sugar act

Answer 4

levied taxes on raw sugar and molasses. They also placed new taxes on silks, wine, coffee, indigo…..
The colonists complained that it hurt trade

Question 5

Currency act 1764

Answer 5

banned the use of paper money. This angered the farmers and the artisans because they used money to pay back loans and since the money wasn’t worth as much it was easier to pay back.

Question 6

Stamp act 1765

Answer 6

required stamps to be placed on most printed materials

Question 7

Quartering act 1765

Answer 7

forced the colonists to provide barracks for British troops

Question 8

Sons of Liberty

Answer 8

organized outdoor meetings and demonstrations

Question 9

Townshend act

Answer 9

Financial problems facing British government so Charles Townshend decided to put a series of taxes in place.
ex: Revenue act of 1767

Question 10

Writs of Assistance

Answer 10

general search warrants that enabled customs officers to enter any location to look fro evidence of smuggled goods

Question 11

Daughters of Liberty

Answer 11

women groups that would spin their own cloth. it was called homespun cloth and became a sign of patriotism to wear.

Question 12

Boston Massacre

Answer 12

Crowd of colonists began taunting and throwing snowballs at British officers. The troops started firing. Killed 5 and wounded 6.

Question 13

Boston Tea Party

Answer 13

tea ships arrived in Boston by the harbor. 150 men boarded the ships and dumped 342 chests of tea into the harbor

Question 14

Tea Act

Answer 14

Britain refunded 4/5 of tax to British East India Company. Then they were able to lower their prices. The colonists were afraid that Britain would take over the business.

Question 15

Coercive acts

Answer 15

These were done to punish Massachusetts for the Boston Tea Party.

1. Shut down the port of Boston until they payed for the tea
2. all council members, judges, and sheriffs were appointed by the government
   - banned all town meetings
3. all trials of British soldiers are sent to england
4. local officials must provide lodging for soldiers and in private homes if necessary
   - 2000 new soldiers were sent

Question 16

First Continental Congress

Answer 16

In Virginia the colonists met and urged everyone to stop trade with Britain and send delegated to a colonial congress.
- met in Philadelphia. there were 55 delegates there
Moderates believed a compromise was possible
Radicals believed that the time had come to fight

Question 17

Second Continental Congress

Answer 17

Also met in Philadelphia
They adopted the militia army surrounding Boston and called the Continental army
appointed George Washington as general of the new army

Question 18

Minutemen

Answer 18

created special unit of men they were trained and ready to within a minutes notice.

Question 19

Patriots

Answer 19

• also represented a large variety of society

- artisans, farmers, merchants, planters, lawyers, and urban workers…….

Question 20

Loyalists

Answer 20

Colonists did not believe in Parliamnets polivies

Question 21

Lexington and Concord

Answer 21

British government ordered General Gage to arrest Massachusetts Congress. He didn’t know where congress was located so he seized their military supply instead.
-first battle of revolution

Question 22

Olive Branch Petition

Answer 22

Continental congress (Moderates) sent out this document to the king . It stated that the colonies were still loyal to the king and asked King George III to call off hostility until the situation can be worked out peacefully. Meanwhile the Radicals order an attack in Quebec. They hoped that the attack would convince the French there to join the Americans against the British. The king heard about the rebellion and then he got the letter. He refused to read the letter and he then stated that the colonists were open and avowed enemies.

Question 23

Decision for independance

Answer 23

Many colonists were not ready to break away from England but then they got frustrated when the British refused to compromise.

Question 24

Thomas Paine “Common Sense”

Answer 24

He changed public opinion in favor of independence. He attacked King George instead of the Parliament.

Question 25

Declaration of Independence

Answer 25

Document that declared this country the USA!

Signed on July 4, 1776

Question 26

Thomas Jefferson

Answer 26

• Created a network to secretly communicate between all colonies to organize resistance.
• one of the main writers of the Declaration of Independence and signed it.

Question 27

Battle of Yorktown and surrender

Answer 27

Cornwallis went to Virginia and joined forces with Benedict Arnold’s forces. The British began to conquer Virginia. Cornwallis retreated to the coastal town to protect his supplies and maintain communications by sea. His retreat made an opportunity for the Americans. Washington decided to go to NYC since there he had French support. Washington decided to cancel the attack on NYC. Instead he led forces to Yorktown. Cornwallis could not escape by sea or receive supplies because of the French fleet. American forces surrounded Yorktown and begin to bombard it. Hamilton led attack that captured key British defenses . Cornwallis began negotiations to surrender. 8000 British troops marched out of Yorktown and lay down their weapons.

Question 28

Treaty of Paris

Answer 28

Final settlement of the Revolution
Britain recognized USA as a country
They also gave Florida back to Spain
The creation of a new nation is about to begin