American Reconstruction Era

Question 1

A law passed in 1882 refusing entry to further Chinese immigrants, who were blamed for taking jobs away from Americans and keeping wages low.

Answer 1

Chinese Exclusion Act

Question 2

A sharp increase in low-wage, low-skill industrial jobs fueled massive population growth in cities.

Answer 2

Effect of industrialization on American cities during the Gilded Age:

Question 3

The growth of population and concentration of people in cities. This fueled economic expansion, but conditions for workers were often crowded, dirty, and unhealthy.

Answer 3

Urbanization in the late 19th and early 20th century

Question 4

The effort of the US federal government to rebuild the South and reintegrate Southern states into the union after the Civil War.

Answer 4

Reconstruction

Question 5

A tax levied only on an imported product. Protective tariffs aim to encourage people to buy domestic goods by making imported products expensive.

Answer 5

Protective tariff

Question 6

Split up reservation territory so that it was the property of individuals, not tribes. This was intended to reduce tribal power and force Native Americans to assimilate.

Answer 6

Dawes Act of 1887

Question 7

Prohibited any discrimination in voting rights based on race. In practice, this meant that African-Americans now had the right to vote (1870).

Answer 7

Fifteenth Amendment to the US Constitution

Question 8

Southern states were readmitted into the Union; Black Americans got voting rights and elected to public offce; slavery was outlawed.

Answer 8

Successes of Reconstruction

Question 9

Networks that maintained the power of a boss or political group. Political machines gained power as urban populations grew during the Gilded Age.

Answer 9

Political machines (as used in reference to gilded age politics)

Question 10

The invention of barbed wire; a series of dangerous blizzards; expansion of railroads, which made long cattle drives obsolete.

Answer 10

Reasons for the decline of cattle ranching in the U.S. West around the the 1880s

Question 11

Faster travel across the country; more opportunities for American businesses; growth of white-collar jobs; economic problems for Chinese immigrants and Native Americans.

Answer 11

Consequences of completing the transcontinental railroad (1869)

Question 12

A system where government jobs went to people who had done favors for powerful politicians, not people who were the most qualified.

Answer 12

The ‘spoils system’ during the American Gilded Age:

Question 13

Granted 160 acres of land to anyone who would live there and farm the land for 5 years.

Answer 13

Homestead Act of 1862

Question 14

Increased westward migration of European settlers.

Answer 14

Major effect of the Homestead Act of 1862

Question 15

Part of the transcontinental railroad built after the American Civil War.
It started in Nebraska and moved westward from there.

Answer 15

Union Pacific Railroad

Question 16

Permanently outlawed slavery in the entire country (1865).

Answer 16

Thirteenth Amendment to the US Constitution

Question 17

Patented a cheap method for processing steel, which allowed it to be used on a much greater scale and ultimately reduced the need for skilled labor.

Answer 17

Henry Bessemer

Question 18

Reservations did not have enough resources to support native populations; US soldiers constantly broke treaties if they found gold or anything valuable on tribal land.

Answer 18

Reasons why Native American tribes struggled to fight back against American expansion to the west after the Civil War:

Question 19

Declared that anyone born in the US was a US citizen; prohibited states from denying people their constitutional rights without due process, or from denying them equal protection of the law - 1868

Answer 19

Fourteenth Amendment to the US Constitution

Question 20

A misapplication of the theory of evolution that gave rise to the belief that people who are less ‘fit’ should not reproduce.

Answer 20

Social Darwinism

Question 21

Tribal lands were split up among individual owners; children were taken from their parents and sent to boarding schools; adults were forced to live as farmers.

Answer 21

Ways that Native Americans were forced to assimilate to Anglo- American culture:

Question 22

The Native American victory prompted violent retaliation from the
U.S. government.

Answer 22

Effects of the Battle of Little Bighorn (June 1876)