America expands

Question 1

Isolationism

Answer 1

country that wants to stay out of world affairs.

Question 2

Expxansionism

Answer 2

policy of extending a nation’s boundaries.

Question 3

Interests

Answer 3

freedom, money, land.

Question 4

Open of Japan

Answer 4

America conducted foreign trade to Europe and Asian countries such as China. Japanese rulers feared outsiders and cut themselves off to the rest of the world in the 1600s. Any ship wrecked sailors who wrecked on shores of Japan were not allowed to leave. Americans wanted Japan to open its ports to trade. 1853-54 President Fillmore sent Commodore Matthew Perry to Japan to ask Japan to open trade relations with the U.S.

Question 5

Gunboat Diplomacy

Answer 5

Using military forces to frighten foreigners into signing agreement.

Question 6

Treaty of Kanagawa

Answer 6

Japan accepts to help shipwrecked sailors. It opened up two ports to American trade. Japan begins to become an industrial nation.

Question 7

Imperialism

Answer 7

the policy of power countries seeking to control the economic and political affairs of weaker countries.

Question 8

Reasons for imperialism

Answer 8

Industrialized nations needed raw materials and new markets.

Question 9

Racism

Answer 9

belief that one race is superior to another. Many Europeans felt they had a duty to spread their religion and culture to people who were less civilized.

Question 10

Competition

Answer 10

European countries took over areas and closed their markets to other countries.

Question 11

America Seeks Empire

Answer 11

Many felt that the American economy would collapse unless the U.S. gained foreign markets. They need to expand the U.S. Navy and to acquire Naval bases throughout the world.

Question 12

Naval Captain Alfred T. Mahan

Answer 12

wrote The Influence Of Sea Power Upon History- the book argued that the prosperity of America depended on trade and a bigger Navy was needed to protect merchant ships.

Question 13

Hawaii

Answer 13

Rich in soil, warm, climate, and plentiful rainfall, allows farmers to grow crops all year round. American missionaries were eager to convert Hawaiians to Christianity. Americans had set up large sugar plantations. As the sugar industry grew so did the power of American planters. American planters rebelled against Queen Liliuokalani, the U.S. Marines were sent in to protect American lives. Queen Liliuokalani gives up her throne. Hawaii was annexed in 1898.

Question 14

Seward Looks to the Pacific

Answer 14

Secretary of State William Seward wanted the U.S. to dominate trade in the Pacific. Seward persuaded Congress to annex Midway Island.

Question 15

Annex

Answer 15

add on or take over.

Question 16

Alaska

Answer 16

Seward helps to buy Alaska form Russia from Russia for $7.2 million. “Seward’s Folly” many Americans thought of Alaska as barren land of icy mountains and frozen fish. Alaska was rich in gold, timber, copper, petroleum, natural, gas, and the lowlands were suited for farming.

Question 17

Sphere of Influence

Answer 17

an area usually around a seaport, where a nation had special trading privileges. 1800s Britain, France, Germany, Russia, and Japan carved spheres of influence in China. The U.S. was eager to gain share of the China trade.

Question 18

Open Door Policy

Answer 18

policy issued by Secretary of State John Hay that allowed a nation to trade in any other nation’s sphere of influence in China. Many Chinese resisted foreign influence, some formed a secret society called the Righteous Fists of Harmony or Boxers.

Question 19

Boxer Rebellion

Answer 19

1900, the boxer attacked westerners foreign governments organized an international army to put down the uprising.

Question 20

Causes of Spanish American War

Answer 20

Spanish atrocities, wartime acts of cruelty and brutality. Americans had invested $50 million in Cuban sugar and rice plantations, railroads, tobacco, and iron mines. American trade with Cuba was worth $100 million a year.

Question 21

Sinking of Maine

Answer 21

Feb. 15, 1898, the U.S.S. Maine explodes killing 260 sailors.

Question 22

Yellow Journalism

Answer 22

reporting that relies on sensational stories and headlines.

Question 23

Spanish American War

Answer 23

Lasted only 4 months. War took place in the Caribbean and the Philippine islands.

Question 24

Buffalo Soldiers

Answer 24

African Americans of the 9th and 10th Cavalries.

Question 25

Rough Riders

Answer 25

volunteer Cavalry. Regiment led by Theodore Roosevelt.

Question 26

War in the Philippines

Answer 26

Commodore Dewey sailed his fleet onto Manila harbor and destroyed the Spanish fleet.

Question 27

Platt Amendment

Answer 27

Allowed the United States to intervene in Cuba and gave the U.S. control of the naval base Guantanamo Bay.

Question 28

Protectorate

Answer 28

a nation whose independence is limited by the control of a more powerful country. Cuba becomes an American protectorate.

Question 29

Foraker Act

Answer 29

Gave Puerto Rice a limited say in their own affairs. U.S. steps up a new government.

Question 30

Isthmus

Answer 30

a narrow strip of land connecting two large bodies of land.

Question 31

Panama Canal

Answer 31

When Theodore Roosevelt become President he was determined to build a canal through the isthmus of Panama.

Question 32

Canal Benefits

Answer 32

Shorter journey, reduce the cost of shipping, the Navy could move ships quicker.

Question 33

Taking the Canal

Answer 33

Secretary of State John Hay offered Colombia $10 million cash, plus $250,000 a year to rent a strip of land across Panama. Colombia refuses the deal. Panamanians wanted to break away from Colombia. Roosevelt let it be known that if the Panamanians revolted he would help to support the rebellion. U.S. warship Nashville dropped anchor in port of Colon, Panama. Panamanians rebelled, American forces stopped Colombian troops from crushing the revolt. U.S. recognized Panama as an independent nation, Panama let the U.S. build a canal.

Question 34

Roosevelt

Answer 34

Corollary-addition to. U.S. has the right to intervene in Latin America to preserve law + order. Future presidents used Roosevelt Corollary.

Question 35

Taft

Answer 35

Dollar Diplomacy-“substitute dollars for bullets” urged Bankers + businesses to invest in Latin America. Built railroads, ports, + roads. Increase trade. Problems: America business meddled in political affairs of Latin American countries. At times military was used.

Question 36

Wilson

Answer 36

Moral Diplomacy- were to Condemn imperialism, spread democracy and promote peace. Ordered military intervention in Latin America, more than previous Presidents.